Ted Power
English Language Learning and Teaching

Consonant Clusters

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beginning with voiced alveolar nasal---- / n /

036---------nθ (final) -------month, tenth

037---------nθ (medial) -----anthem

038---------nt (final) --------ant, aren´t, aunt, bent, can´t, font, want

039---------nts (final) -------ants, fonts, grunts, hints, hunts, pants

040---------ntst (final) ------chintzed

041---------nd (final) -------behind, concerned, find, found, friend, owned

042---------nd (medial) -----friendship, landlord -----* Note rules for deletion of / d /

043---------ndz (final) ------bends, ends, friends, sounds

044---------ns (final) -------hence, pence, since, tense

045---------ns (medial) -----pensive, tenses

046---------nz (final) -------hens, lens, pens, runs, tens

047---------nʧ (final) -------lunch, pinch

048---------nʧt (final) ------lunched, pinched

049---------nʤ (final) ------change, hinge

050---------nʤd (final) -----changed, hinged


/ m / / p / / b / / f / / v / / θ / / ð / / n / / t / / d /
/ s / / z / / l / / ʧ / / ʤ / / ʃ / / ʒ / / ŋ / / k / / g /

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/ *nθ / (final) -------absinth amaranth billionth coelacanth colocynth corinth decillionth dozenth eighteenth eleventh fifteenth fourteenth helminth hexacanth hyacinth hydranth jacinth labyrinth millionth month nemathelminth nineteenth ninth nonillionth nth octillionth perianth platyhelminth plinth quadrillionth quintillionth septillionth seventeenth seventh sextillionth sixteenth tenth terebinth thirteenth tragacanth trillionth twelvemonth umpteenth zillionth

/ *nθ* / (medial) -----anthem

/ *nt / (final) --------aunt cant dent gent kant lint pant punt runt tint went bent cent dint hint kent mint pent rant sent vent wont bunt cont font hunt lent mont pint rent tent want agent blent brunt clint event flint gaunt grant haunt leant paint print saint shunt spent suint vaunt anent blunt burnt count faint fount giant grunt jaunt meant plant quant scant skint stint taint brent chant daunt feint front glint gwent joint mount point quint scent slant stunt taunt abient actant amount argent ascent assent cadent client decent dopant errant extent foment infant lament levant moment absent adient anoint arrant askant avaunt cedent cogent detent eluent exeunt flaunt forint intent latent loment movant accent advent ardent arrent aslant bezant cement decant docent enfant extant fluent indent invent learnt lucent mutant octant patent potent recent remint rodent secant sonant squint truant unsent volant natant orient pedant quaint regent repent savant sejant splint talent tyrant urgent volent nutant parent pliant recant relent resent scient silent sprint tenant unbent vacant abeyant adjoint ailment ancient attaint blatant calmant clamant consent coolant defiant descent diplont dormant element ensuant erodent account affront aliment appoint augment brisant catmint clement content currant demount deviant dissent dowment eminent entrant etchant adamant agamont ambient asquint avowant buoyant cholent comment convent current descant diluent distant elegant enchant eobiont evident exigent ferment fitment forwent gardant hutment imprint issuant mandant migrant mutuant operant pageant payment pendent pigment present explant fervent fondant fulgent garment hydrant instant lambent manhunt mordant nascent opulent passant peasant pennant piquant prevent feasant figment formant gallant haplont implant isodont lenient mediant mordent oddment oxidant patient pendant percent portent prudent ptinent raiment recount reliant repaint reprint salient sealant serpent siccant spraint tangent torrent unburnt unspent valiant verdant pungent rampant regnant remnant replant reptant saltant segment servant solvent statant titrant trident unguent upfront variant versant radiant reagent regrant remount repoint ringent sapient sequent sextant sporont student torment ululant unmeant vagrant varmint vibrant vincent violent warrant

/ *nts / (final) -------aunts dents gents pants punts mints rants fonts etc

/ *ntst / (final) ------chintzed

/ *nd / (final) -------abound addend amend analysand apprehend around attend backbend band battleground behind bend bland blond bookend boyfriend broadband aboveground aground amerind and archfiend ascend auckland background bandstand beforehand behindhand beyond blend bloodhound borderland brand browband abscond almond ampersand append armband astound augend backhand baseband befriend bellyband bind blind bond bound brigand buckhound cabstand chairbound clothbound coextend compound condescend contend countermand crosswind dachshund deodand despond disband dividend downland draghound dumbfound campground Chateaubriand clubhand command comprehend confirmand contraband cowhand Cumberland defend depend deutschland disneyland dixieland downtrend dreamland earthbound casebound cleveland clubland commend computerland confound correspond cropland cummerbund demand descend diamond distend dockland downwind dromond eastbound eland emend enwind expend extend falkland fatherland fiend firebrand flatland foreground forewind freehand frond garland geepound gland elfland end errand expound fairground farmhand fecund find firsthand fogbound forehand found friend fund gavelkind gerund godsend elkhound england expand exscind fairyland farmland fend finland fishpond fond foreland foxhound friesland gangland gazehound girlfriend gormand gourmand grandstand greensand ground headband headwind hidebound hinterland homebound horehound househusband husband impend ind inland interwind ironbound graduand grassland greyhound hand headland heartland highland hoarhound homeland hound howlround icebound impound infrasound integrand interwound island grand greenland grind handstand headstand hellhound hind holland hoofbound housebound humankind iceland inbound inkstand intend ireland jocund keeshond lagend legend longhand mankind mastermind microsecond millpond misapprehend misunderstand motherland musclebound newfound newsstand northland offhand orotund kickstand land lend lowland marchiand maund midland mind misbrand moorland mound nanosecond newfoundland nightstand noseband operand outbound kind lapland ligand mainland marshland mend millisecond minuend misspend moribund multiplicand neckband newshound northbound offend ordinand outland outstand overextend overhand overwind pend pitchbend poind portend prebend profound quicksand rand reapprehend rebound redemand refund remend overabound overfond overland overwound perpend plafond poland portland pretend propound radicand raymond reascend recommend redescend reground remind overexpand overground overspend parkland picosecond playground pond pound proband purblind rainband reamend rebind recompound redound remand rend repand reprimand resound rewind richmond rosalind rubicund saraband scrubland secund send showground snowbound spaceband spend stand stormbound repetend rescind respond rewound rind rotund runaround scend second semiblind shetland s ideband sound spellbind stagehand stipend strand reprehend resend reverend riband roband round sand scotland secondhand semiround shorthand sleuthhound southbound spellbound staghound stoneground strikebound subtend superabound suspend sweatband tailwind teind thousand turnaround unbend underground understand unhand unwind upland vend washstand we asand subtrahend superintend swampland switzerland tamarind tend transcend turnround unbind underhand underwind unkind unwound upwind waistband wasteland weatherbound summand surround swaziland tableland taxistand thailand trend ultrasound unbound underspend underwound unsound upend vagabond wand waveband weekend wend whirlwind withstand wonderland workhand wrapround westbound wind wolfhound woodland wound wristband wetland windbound womankind woodwind wraparound zealand
* Note rules for deletion of / d / in extended contexts e.g. Shetlan(d) pony; woodlan(d) park; secon(d) place; BUT second-hand

/ *nd* / (medial) -------friendship, landlord -----* Note rules for deletion of / d /

/ *ndz / (final) ------ Note that voiced / n / + / d / is followed by voiced / z / abounds amends attends bands bookends boyfriends etc

/ *ns / (final) ------- aberrance abidance abstinence acceptance acescence acquiesence admittance advertence affluence allowance ambulance antecedence appliance arrogance askance assurance audience abeyance abscondence abundance accidence acquaintance acquittance adolescence affiance allegiance ambience announce appearance appurtenance ascendance assistance astringence avoidance abhorrence absence accedence accordance acquiescence adherence advance affirmance alliance ambivalence annoyance appetence arborescence ascendence assonance attendance balance belligerence bioluminescence bonce brisance canescence chemiluminescence circumambience circumstance clarence coexistence coherence comeuppance complacence concomitance concupiscence condolence confidence beneficence bioscience bounce cadence capacitance chevisance circumference clairaudience clearance cognisance coincidence commence complaisance concordance concurrence conduetance confluence benevolence bivalence brilliance candescence chance chrominance circumfluence clairvoyance coalescence cognizance coinsurance competence compliance concrescence c onde s c endenc e conference conformance congruence consentience consonance contingence convalescence convergence convince couchance counterintelligence credence dance defeasance defervescence dehiscence deliverance descendance desistance conmvance consequence Constance continuance convenance conversance corpulence countenance covariance cumbrance decadence defence defiance deliquescence denounce descendence desistence conscxence consistence continence contrivance convenience conveyance correspondence counterbalance crapulence dalliance decumbence deference deflorescence delitescence dependence desinence despondence detergence deturgescence diffidence disaffirmance discontinuance disinheritance dissentience dissonance divergence dunce efference effluence electroluminescence eloquence emollience enhance entrance deterrence deviance difluence disallowance discordance disobedience disseverance distance divulgence durance effervescence effulgence electrovalence emergence enc umbrance enounce equidistance deturnescence difference diligence disappearance discountenance dissemblance dissidence disturbance dominance ebullience efflorescence elastance elegance eminence endurance ensconce equipollence equiponderance essence evidence excrescence exitance expedience exuberance feasance fiance f1amboyance florence fluorescence fragrance freelance furtherance governance guidance equivalence esurience evince exigence exorbitance experience exultance feculence finance flatulence florescence forbearance franee frondescence geoscience grandile—quence halfpence erubescence evanescence excellence existence expectance extravagance faience fence flagrance flocculence flounce forbiddance fraudulence frutescence glance grievance hance hence hindrance imbalance iiranunoc ompe t enc e impedance impercipience importance imprudence inadvertence incidence incoherence incongruence incontinence indehiscence indigence indulgence inexpedience hesitance ignorance immanence imparlance impendence impermanence impotence impudence incalescence incipience incompetence inconsequence inconvenience independence indolence inelegance inexperience hinderance illuminance imminence impatience impenitence impertinence improv idenc e impuissance incandescence incognizance incompliance inconsonance incumbrance indifference induetance ineloquence inference inflorescence inhabitance innocence insignificance insouciance insurgence intendance interference intervenience intumescence irradiance issuance jubilance lance levance liquescence luxuriance influence inherence inobservance insistence instance intelligence intercurrence interinsurance intolerance invariance irrelevance iterance jurisprudence lawrence licence luminance magnificence infrequence inheritance insentience insolence insurance intemperance interdependence intermittence intransigence iridescence irreverence jounce lactescence lenience ligeance luminescence magniloquence maintenance malfeasance mellifluence microbalance mischance misguidance monovalence munificence nescience nonacceptance nonce nondependence noninterference nonoccurrence nonresistance nuisance obeyance maleficence malignance mergence mince miscontinuance misintelligence monstrance nascence nigrescence nonappearance nonchalance nonexistence nonobedience nonperformance nonviolence obedience observance malevolence marcescence mesalliance misalliance misfeasance mispronounce mumcnance negligence noctilucence nonattendance noncompliance nonfeasance nonobservance nonresidence nuance obeisance obsolescence occupance omittance omnipresence opalescence ordnance outbalance overabundance overconfidence overinfluence overreliance patience penetrance percipience permeance pertinence phosphorescence pittance occurrence omnicompetence omniscience opulence ordonnance outdance overadvance overdependenc e overinsistence parascience penance penitence performance perseverance pestilence photoluminescence pleasance offence omnipotence once ordinance ounce outdistance overbalance overindulgence overinsurance parlance pence perchance permanence persistence petulance photoreconnaissance pluripresence poignance prance preannounce precedence preference presence prevalence prominence provenance province pseudoscience pulverulence purveyance quince radiance reacceptance readmittance potence preacceptance preappearance predominance preponderance presentence prince pronounce provence prudence pubescence pursuance putrescence quintessence radioluminescence reacquaintance reappearance pounce preadolescence preassurance preeminence prescience pretence proalliance protuberance providence prurience puissance purulence quiescence quittance ranee reactance reassurance recalcitrance recognisance reconnaissance recrudescence redolence reentrance refinance reinsurance reliance remembrance remittence renascence repentance resentence resipiscence resplendence reticence recalescence recognizance recontinuance recumbence redundance reexperience reflectance rejuvinescence reluctance reminiscence remonstrance renounce repugnance residence resistance respondence reverence recipience recommence reconveyance recurrence reemergence reference refulgence relevance remanence remittance renaissance reoccurrence resemblance resilience resonance resurgence riddance romance salience sconce semblance sentence severance silence somnambulance stance submittance subservience substance superabundance superindifference supersedence supportance sustenance rubescence sapience seance s emidependenc e sentience sibilance since somnolence suballiance subprovinee subsidence succulence supereminence superintendence supervenience surveillance temperance rufescence science securance senescence sequence significance sixpence spinescence submergence subsequence subsistence sufferance superincumbence superreliance suppliance susceptance thence thermoluminescence transcendence transience transmittance truculence turbulence unac c ept anc e underinsurance usance valance vaporescence vengeance violence vitrescence wince tolerance transference transilience triboluminescence tumescence turgescence unbalance undulance utterance valence variance vergence virescence voidance trance transhumanee translucence trounce tuppence twopence underfinance unintelligence vagrance valiance vehemence vigilance virulence whence

/ *ns* (medial) ------- comprehensive, intensive, pensive, tenses

/ *nz / (final) ------- acorns adorns aligns aryans athens baluns batons bosons brains burins cajuns cedens cleans coigns cozens Cubans demons dolens aeons banns biens burns coins darns downs exons ferns frons girns goons horns irons juans kerns klans albans aliens aprons aspens bairns basins bisons bourns bruins cairns capons churns codons covens crowns deigns djinns amens barns boons chins corns dawns earns fauns finns gains glans gowns hymns jeans kaons khans koans anions asians auxins awns bons cons dons erns fins gins huns kens mens nuns pens puns sins tans tons wens axons beans brans clans damns deans evens fawns flans geans glens grins icons joins keens kilns lawns bans buns dens duns fans fons guns inns lens mons owns pins runs sons tens urns wins barons begins bins cans dins eons fens gens hens ions mans nons pans pons sans suns tins vans yens bosuns browns cabins canons chains clowns colons croons cumins divans doyens dozens fanons foehns gamins gleans grains groins herons hymens jacens kulans learns limens lorans masons melons nolens drains drowns felons futons girons gowans groans havens humans iowans jupons latins likens livens lysins mayans mourns oceans feigns frowns gipons gluons greens gyrons hogans intens japans kylins leans lions loons means moons nouns ovens peens rains scans signs spins tarns thins trons twins weans lemons liens loans lyons miens morns omens pains peons reins shins skins stuns teens towns tuans veins wrens limns loins mains moans muons opens pawns plans ruins shuns spans swans terns trans turns warns yarns linens lumens matins morons nylons onions pagans pinons prawns pylons quoins redans repins ricans romans rumens savins scorns serins sirens spoons steins organs patens pitons preens queens ravens reigns reruns ripens rosins salons saxons sedans sevens skeins spurns sterns paeans pecans plains prions querns rayons remans resins robins rubens satins scions semens sheens spawns stains susans swoons talons tenons tokens unions vacans wagons yearns taxons thorns toxins unmans vixens wakens yulans tenens titans trains unpins volens widens yawns yeans

/ *nʧ / (final) ------- bench branch bunch cinch conch disbranch entrench flinch grassfinch hawfinch lamellibranch lynch opisthobranch punch rebranch sarpanch stanch blanch brunch chaffinch clench counterpunch drench finch french greenfinch hunch launch mesoconch paunch quench reintrench scrunch staunch blench bullfinch chinch clinch crunch elasmobranch flaunch goldfinch haunch inch lunch munch pinch ranch retrench squinch stench subbranch trench winch tectibranch unclench workbench tench wench wrench

/ *nʧt / (final) ------branched bunched clenched crunched entrenched flinched launched lunched lynched pinched punched quenched wrenched

/ *nʤ / (final) ------ allonge arrange astringe avenge binge blanemange blunge challenge change cringe derange disarrange downrange estrange exchange expunge falange flange fringe grange gunge henge hinge impinge infringe interchange lange lounge lozenge lunge mange melange misarrange muskellunge omnirange orange outrange phalange plunge prearrange range rearrange rechallenge reexchange rehinge revenge scavenge scrounge shortchange singe sponge springe tinge unhinge strange twinge syringe unchange

/ *nʤd / (final) ------ arranged avenged binged challenged changed cringed exchanged impinged lunged plunged ranged rearranged scavenged scrounged shortchanged singed sponged tinged unhinged unchanged


False Friends

* Note the deletion of / d / in "landlord" / ˈlæn(d)ˈlɔ:d /, or "friendship" / ˈfren(d)ʃɪp /, when preceding consonant sound is also voiced and following consonant sound is any other than / h /.


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