Timeline: 1000..1024

1000Athelred attacked Strathclyde and Isle of Man. 
 A-S C Athelred the Unready attacked Strathclyde and Isle of Man.
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Leif Ericsson lands on North American coast 
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1001Danish raids Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Danish raids on Sussex and Devon.
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1002Another Danegeld paid Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Athelred was forced to pay the Danes that were camped on the Isle of Wight another large amount of money for them to leave.
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Nov - Athelred marries Emma 
Athelred paid the Vikings a sum of £24,000 to try and stop further invasions. In an attempt to strengthen his position against the Vikings he married Emma, the daughter of Richard Duke of Normandy. Athelred also ordered the murder of all Danes in England but some escaped to report back. Not surprisingly the Viking attacks started again.
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Nov 13 - Massacre of St Brice's day Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
Athelred ordered the massacre of all Danes living in England because he was fearful of them plotting against him.
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1004Swein attacks Norfolk 
 A-S C A Viking raiding fleet landed in Norfolk. The Ealdorman in the area was Ulfcetel who ordered some men to reach and burn the Viking ships to strand Swein. The plan failed and Ulfcetel's small army was defeated by the Vikings.
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1005Malcolm II becomes Kings of the Scots 
 A-S C Malcolm killed his cousin Kenneth III to become Malcolm II, King of the Scots.
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Aelfheah becomes Archbishop of Canterbury 
Aelfheah becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.
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1008A large fleet is ordered Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Athelred ordered England to build a massive fleet of ships. The people of England had to supply armour for the crew as well. It was a huge undertaking but was completed the following year.
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1009Church of the Holy Sepulche destroyed 
 A-S C The unstable sixth Caliph of Egypt, Al-Hakim, ordered the destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulche in Jerusalem.
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Danes repeatedly attack England Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
Swein Fork-Beard and Olaf Trygvasson repeatedly attacked England over several years destroying the land.
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1011The Vikings murder Aelfheah Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C The Vikings captured Canterbury and obtained a payment of £48,000. In a druken rage the Vikings murdered the Archbishop of Canterbury, Aelfheah. Aelfheah was the man that had baptised Olaf Trygvasson in the Winter of 994. Outraged by the actions of his fellow men Thorkell the Tall defected to the side of Athelred along with 45 Viking ships to help defend England from further Viking attacks.
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1012Danegeld paid Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C The Danes were paid a large sum of money, known as the Danegeld, to leave England.
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1013Swein Fork-Beard and Canute attack England Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Swein Fork-Beard and his son Canute sailed from Denmark to attack England. Again London defended itself and the Vikings moved elsewhere, taking Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria.
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Lyfing becomes Archbishop of Canterbury 
Lyfing becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.
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Autumn - Emma and Edward leave England Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
Forced to leave England by the inavsion from Denmark, Emma Athelred's wife, fled to Normandy assisted by the Bishop of Peterborough. Sons Edward (the Confessor) and Alfred followed later along with the Bishop of London. Ethelred was not far behind.
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Nov - London surrenders to Swein Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
London was the last part of the country to accept Swein as the new king of England. Swein and his Viking army had already taken control of the Danelaw and the rest of the country accepted him as their new ruler. Swein's rule of the country would only last a few months.
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1014Athelred goes into exile Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Athelred had to abandon his country to Swein and went to Normandy to join his wife Emma and his sons.
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Feb 3 - Swein dies Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
Swein Fork-Beard died. Canute left England not sure of his ability to hold the country but returned a year later. Athelred sent ambassadors to England, including his own son Edward (later the Confessor) to negotiate a possible return.
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1015Qtr 3 - Canute returns to England Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Canute invaded England taking control of Mercia and Northumbria. Athelred was ill and England was in the hands of Edmund (Ironside).
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1016Apr - Canute attempts to take the throne Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Canute advanced on London for a fight with Athelred but Athelred died in the same month. London accepted Edmund Ironside as their ruler. Canute would have to defeat Edmund if he was to become King of England.
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Apr - Edmund II (Ironside) becomes King 
Edmund II became king at the death of his father Athelred II in London. London chose prince Edmund as king but it was short lived as the Southampton Witan chose Canute, who then invaded England.
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May - Canute attacks London 
Edmund had gone to Wessex to accept the support of the people there as the new king of England but Canute had reached London and was besieging its inhabitants. The Londoners held out against Canute's attempts to defeat them while Edmund travelled back to help. Edmund's army grew as he advanced towards Canute. The English won a couple of battles forcing the Danes to retreat and regroup but the Danes won the important battle at Ashingdon.
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Oct 18 - Treaty between Canute and Edmund Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
Canute defeated Edmund Ironside at Ashingdon and a treaty was signed leaving Edmund with only the area of Wessex.
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Nov 30 - Canute becomes King of England Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
Edmund Ironside died only a month after the treaty with Canute. Canute then became King of England.
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1017Jul - Canute marries Emma Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Canute married Emma, the widow of Athelred the Unready. This helped Canute secure ties with Normandy as Emma was the daughter of Count of Normandy.
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Dec - Death of Eadric Streona 
Canute had the treacherous Ealdorman Eadric Streona of Mercia killed.
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1018Large Danegeld paid 
 A-S C Canute arranged for a massive Danegeld to be paid to the Viking fleet. Happy with the sum of money they received from the English, the Viking army returned home leaving just a small number of ships under the control of Canute.
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1019Canute takes Denmark Episode: Viking Invasions, click to view
 A-S C Canute travelled to Denmark after the death of his brother to ensure his own succession to the Danish throne.
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1020Aethelnoth becomes Archbishop of Canterbury 
 A-S C Aethelnoth became Archbishop of Canterbury.
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In this period
1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 
1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 
1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 
1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 
1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 



English Rulers

Sven Forkbeard (1013 - 1014)
Aethelred the Unready (978 - 1016)
Edmund Ironside (1016 - 1016)
Knut (1016 - 1035)

Scottish Rulers (not all)

Malcolm II (1005 - 1034)

French Rulers (not all)

Robert II (996 - 1031)



 Episodes
Viking Invasions



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Selection of references used:
  • Peter Potter,Data Donation,
  • Magnus Magnusson,Vikings!,
  • Frank Barlow,Edward the Confessor,
  • Richard Humble,The Fall of Saxon England,
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