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There are two basic classifications of goods transported by tanker :-
Each classification has its own cleanliness and environmental standard. Vehicles carrying
these two types of products are never cross-used!
Chemical tankers for liquids and powders are never cross-used with gas tankers, which are
built to withstand high pressures.
Within the chemical classification, there are nine different categories, defined by the United Nations Regulations.
("Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" Model Regulations, 10th revised edition. New York & Geneva 1997).
These include very hazardous, environmentally hazardous and radioactive. Some substances may fall into several categories.
Class 1 : Explosive substances or articles
Not all goods in this category can be accepted for transport, special authority may be needed.
Examples : ammonium picrate, dinitrophenol, trinitrophenol, TNT, ammunition, bombs, gunpowder, flares, mines
Symbol : exploding bomb |
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Class 2 : Gases
Includes:-
Flammable gases
Examples : acetylene, butane, ethane
Symbol : flame |
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Non flammable, nontoxic gases
Examples : compressed air, oxygen, carbon dioxide
Symbol : gas cylinder |
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Toxic gases
Example : chlorine
Symbol : skull & crossbones |
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N.B. The terms "flammable" and "inflammable" mean the same thing -
the substance is easily set alight.
Class 3 : Flammable liquids
Examples : benzene, carbon disulphide, ethanol, ethyl acetate, methanol, kerosene, petroleum crude oil, perfumery products (with flammable solvents), turpentine
Symbol : flame (As for flammable gases, but with a different class number) |
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Class 4 : Flammable solids
Includes :-
Flammable solids
Examples : coated aluminium powder, films (nitrocellulose base, gelatine coated), hay, straw, sulphur, magnesium powder
Symbol : flame |
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Substances liable to spontaneous combustion
Examples : metaldehyde, phosphorous (amorphous), matches, TNT (wetted)
Symbol : flame |
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Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases
Examples : calcium, sodium, magnesium powder
Symbol : flame |
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Class 5 : Oxydizing substances (5.1) & organic peroxides (5.2)
Examples :
Oxydising substances - inorganic nitrates (e.g. calcium nitrate), potassium chlorate, ammonium dichromate
Organic peroxides - e.g benzoyl peroxide
Symbol : letter O, with flame |
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