Emigration & Immigration

GUMBLETON , Emily

Age:	11
Sex:	F
Year of arrival:	1902
Microfilm reel:	C-4715
Ship:	SS Colonian
Port of departure:	Liverpool
Departure Date:	25 Sep 1902
Port of arrival:	Portland, Maine
Arrival Date:	6 Oct 1902
Party:	Dr. Barnardo's
Comments:	From the Girls Village Home, Barkingside, Near Ilford, Essex, England. Film C-4715, RG76, Vol 51, File 2209 part 1. Immigration Files. (Index 'Age' estimated using approximate year of birth in the records.)

Link to Emily Marian GUMBLETON

Database ID: 34401

GUMBLETON , William Thomas

Age:	15
Sex:	M
Year of arrival:	1904
Microfilm reel:	C-4715
Ship:	SS Southwark
Port of departure:	Liverpool
Departure Date:	24 Mar 1904
Port of arrival:	Portland
Arrival Date:	5 Apr 1904
Party:	Dr Barnardo
Destination:	Toronto
Comments:	Age based on year of birth only.
Reference:	RG 78, Vol 51, File 2209, Part 1

Link to William Thomas GUMBLETON

Database ID: 34402

This issue features details from a series of letters between Major Edward Macarthur and Reverend John West, Rector of Chettle, which relate to the selection of emigrants and arrangements for their voyage to New South Wales. The transcripts included in this issue have been supplied courtesy of Marion Beaufort of Panania, NSW, and have been extracted from the journal of the Australian Association of Donhead Descendants. One of the more interesting aspects of the letters is the revelation that William Norris sought to emigrate to New South Wales at the same time as his older brother, Henry; however, as the transcripts indicate, he was unable to do so because he was unable to find a suitable wife in time for the voyage. As we know it was another thirteen years before William eventually made the voyage.

As stated in earlier newsletters, in 1836 Major Edward Macarthur sought the assistance of Reverend John West, Rector of Chettle, in Dorset, in finding suitable volunteers to emigrate to New South Wales to work on the Macarthurs' Camden Park Estate. As we know, one of the initial group of sixteen families who emigrated on the Brothers was the family of Henry Norris.

Edward Macarthur likened the selection of emigrants to the planting of a new woodland: "each destined colonist should as surely have a known place assigned to him...as every tree previous to its removal from its native soil has a spot prepared for its reception."

While the articles presented in earlier newsletters have focussed on the transporting and transplanting processes, this issue concentrates on the process of selecting suitable emigrants and preparing for their transportation.

As with the earlier articles, our primary source of information is the Macarthur Papers, held in the Mitchell Library, Sydney, in this case MS A2918, which contains a collection of letters between between Major Edward Macarthur and Reverend John West.

Major Edward Macarthur (EM) wrote to Rev. John West (JW) some time before 22 August 1836, on the subject of emigration, but that letter's whereabouts, and that of the reply is unknown. As well, the Mitchell Library has no letters from Rev. West after 8 November 1836 but the two must have kept in touch.

The following transcripts cover only those extant letters which make specific reference to the Norris family [and I have included only those parts that also include the Gumbleton family: SMW].

References:

1. Edward Macarthur to Lt.-Col. Greaves, military secretary to Lord Stanley, 14 June 1844 as quoted in Camden: Farm and Village Life in Early New South Wales, Alan Atkinson, OUP, 1988, Melbourne, p.39.

JW to EM dated 26 September 1836:

Chettle, Woodgate, Dorset
Sept. 26 1836

Dear Sir,
Permit me to thank you for the very kind and liberal present of the wine, I really feel very much obliged - Tho it is at times a little troublesome, yet I have always felt concerned, that in assisting the poor fellows to Engage on the liberal terms you offer them in Immigration, I was benefitting their condition, and opening to them the door of hope, of getting out a hard servitude in poverty, to some little independence for themselves and families, by honest steady persevering industry.

The farmers are the most provoking race of men, I have ever had to deal with - they are now endeavouring to prevent, if they could, some of the young men going out, by persuading not to go to such a transporting country &c &c it will have however little or no effect, I believe. I am not yet able to give you a complete list of the persons actually engaged to go out, but I hope to do so at the latter end of the week, or by next Monday's Post - I have seen today, and the end of last week, the following persons on the subject -

Arnold - Wife & Wife's cousin and one child	3	persons
Elias Trowbridge & Wife	2	"
(George Vincent & Wife + tot Blanchard, illegitimate and baptised in his mother's name
Vincent, this called Blanchard	2	"
Shepherd Smith & Wife	2	"
Jas. Newe & Wife & two children	3	"
Samuel Wright & Wife and some children	2	"
Wright is a boy & very valuable Servant and only called Shepherd and Shearer of sheep, with Smith whom I know.
The unmarried man	1	"

The single woman, is Arnold's cousin - the other persons who have applied to me, I shall probably see in the course of next week - As the Board of Guardians and farmers to give £10 and some clothing to Horders if he emigrated, I have given this morning a note to the same Board stating that Wright was engaged to go to N.S.W. with his family and asked if they cd give the same sum, with some clothing for their voyage. I thought it well to do this, as it would relieve the expense of sending them out& at the same time assist the Emigrants who are both from the same Parish. With respect to Hoskins, he carried with him an excellent character as a good farm servant - but tho' he wishes much to go out with the party, he is afraid that he will not be able to meet with a suitable wife, who is willing to Emigrate - he will let you know however by next Saturday - I admire the good feeling of the man, in speaking to some of his strong attachments to his wife who died some months ago - and that he had a wish to marry again - Should this be the case, and he is going wd you engage his servant daughter to be of the party, to go out with Wright's family who know him well as a steady active, smart girl - She called on me this morn; & seemed desirous of going - age 15 - a man of the name of Norris known well to Arnold,....if you w'd engage him if you wanted a Sawyer, he has a wife & 4 children - I told him I w'd return his application - I have told those who have spoken to me again & again not to....with me on the subject, or ....you in going to .... for Emigration.

JW to EM dated 3 October 1836:

Chettle, Oct 3rd 1836

Dear Sir -
I have been waiting in hope of seeing a Blacksmith, who has been strongly recommended, before the Post went, but as he lives 8 or 9 miles off, it may probably be evening before he calls, if he really intends to Emigrate - As I promised however, I send a list of those Persons who are actually engaged in your Service, and who are making arrangements to undertake the voyage, when it is fixed for them to Embark.

Arnold's wife's cousin refuses to go, which is rather provoking, as I had engaged William Ellet, age 18 years, to go as single she being an unmarried woman - and the lad has actually got assistance fromthe Parish in clothing for the voyage - He is a good quiet industrious farm or indoor Servant a parishioner of mine and should there be any awkwardness in his going out as single, I will arrange with him to have what expenses you think should be deducted from his wages of service in the Colony-

Wheelwright -
     Arnold and wife - one child
Sawyer -
     Henry Norris & Wife - Four children

Farm Servants -
     Elias Thorn & Wife
     George Vincent & Wife
     James News & Wife - Two Children
     George Bradley & Wife
     John Weeks & Wife - Two Children
     Richd Weeks & Wife - Two Children
     Henry Gumbleton & Wife - Two Children
     Benj. Weeks & Wife
     Stephen Butt & Wife
     William Ellet - Single man

     Shepherds and Farm Servants -
     Thomas Smith & Wife
     Samuel Wright & Wife - Four children.

William Norris, came today with his brother Henry, says he has worked with him as a Sawyer, and is also a Farm Servant, would be glad to accompany his Elder Brother to N.S.Wales - 20 yrs of age, and will marry and go out, if you will engage him, - provided the ship does not sail before the 23rd Inst., giving him 3 Sundays to be....at Church. [probably refers to the required 3 readings of the marriage Banns - Ed]

I have another young married couple, who will engage in your service, should you wish to engage them.- A married man, brother to Stephen Butt, with 6 children - has also just called, with a message from the Hon. Mr. Damen, expressing a wish that you would be kind enough to get him and his family out to N.S.Wales, in the same ship that takes your party - These men are both valuable steady men, and if it could be arranged for them to go together - Mr. Damen says he will pay the passage money for him - He is 32 yrs of age - wife & 6 children.

     Believe me,
     Dear Sir, Yours Vy Truly,
     John West.

There is quite a spirit of Emigration awakened among the people around me - Parties call on me almost daily.

    To Major Macarthur
    Junr. U.S. Club,
    George St, London.

JW to EM dated 7 October 1836:

Chettle Oct 7th 1836

Dear Sir,

I believe the following list of the ages of the children is correct -
Arnold -
    Sarah 2 years
Norris -
    Marianne 9 do
    Daniel 7 do
    George 4 do
    Child Two months
Newe
    Maria 4 years
    Charlott 1 do & a half
Wright
    Sarah 7 years
    James 5 do
    Jane 3 do
    Charlotte Three months
John Weeks -
    Eliza 2 years
    Marianne Eight months Weeks

    William 3 years
    Eliza Eight months
Gumbleton -
    Caroline 4 years
    Emily Fifteen months

I should think it very advisable that you should provide Beds & Bedding for the party in London. Can you obtain for them Bibles and Prayer books, from any religious Institution in Town - or will I make an application to their supply, as Emigrants. I write immediately on receipt of your last....to ascertain whether Colonel Damen will pay the Passage money for the family he mentioned - & shall be probably able to write you the answer the beginning of next week - Stephen Wright asked me if he might take his favourite, & much valued by him, Sheep dog. I told him I thought not, but as he wished it, I will in writing mention his request to you - I have not yet seen the Blacksmith but am still enquiring about one - I have been consulting Capt. Maitland, of the Navy, a friend and neighbour of mine - He thinks the best way will be to take the Emigrants in a couple of light wagons, a distance of about 40 miles from here, that they may take the Steamers from thence to the Ship, or Cowes - It is sometimes a tedious passage from Poole to the Isle of Wight, & there is little objection to their going that way, they would probably get thoroughly sea sick, beating up in a ...., and be put aboard the Ship, probably some of them, more half dead than alive -

The Ladies at the table last night begged that I would express their thanks for some very fine flavoured Tea, which they received with the cake you kindly sent me.
    Believe me, Dear Sir
    Yours truly,
    John West

JW to EM dated 10 October 1836:

Chettle, Oct 10 1836

Dear Sir,
I send by the mail this Even the Certificates of Baptism, and the Characters of the Emigrants, which I have received -

Norris's of Baptism - not yet sent to me, but should get it - appears he is not 30 - Gumbleton's also - will be sent to me - I know they will be satisfactory. Butts - also - His I am persuaded will be the same.

I hope you will find what you receive, satisfactory - Norris's Brother I mentioned became fearful, that the time would be too limited for him to marry - I have therefore substituted in his stead, the name of Thomas Cox, in the list, wife, and one child, age 11 months - He is a Parishioner of mine, and I am happy to say, that he is one of the strongest, most industrious, steady farm servant in the Parish - I can also speak particularly in favour (as known also to me as Parishioners), of Stephen Smith - and William Elliot - Martha Gumbleton, single woman, aged 16 is Engaged to Emigrate, with her Uncle, Henry Gumbleton, & go out under his & his wife's protection. Her engagement may probably make it more favourable for Elliot, as both going out single.-

I hear nothing of the Blacksmith. The following are the parties, as they now stand in the list, waiting for embarkation.

    Arnold - wife - one child
    Norris - wife - four children
    Elias Thorn & wife
    Thos. Smith & wife
    Jam's New & wife - Two children
    Jam's Wright & wife - Four do
    George Brady & wife
    John Weeks & wife - Two do
    Richard Wack & wife
    Henry Gumbleton & wife - Two do
    Stephen Butt & wife
    Benj. Week & wife
    Thos Cox & Wife - one child

    William Elliot - single - 18 yrs
    Martha Gumbleton - single - 16 years

    14 families 28
    Single Persons 2
    Children 18
    48

    I remain Sir, Yrs Vy Truly
    John West

JW to EM undated: [probably 1836 - Ed.]

Dear Sir,
The bearer of this note is a good judge of sheep and will aid your judgement in the selection of Lambs, I think, from Mr. Bennett's flock.- He is employed by me on a small quantity of Glebe, and should you think it advisable and for the best of the Lambs sh'd be brought here so as for all to make one party to arrive at the same time at Southampton, he can fetch them tomorrow - I have not heard a word of dissatisfaction yet as to the delay in starting - but at the same time they express a wish that they were off. I found one today without employment and I am glad of an opportunity of getting him to work - I think there will be some falling off from the numbers you have engaged to go - I would be glad however, if they w'd veer round to the North or the N.E. or East - Pray let me have the earliest information on the ship's arrival in Cowes - it will be scarcely possible for the Emigrants to start off the same day I receive the note of information - but the day after it may be accomplished, so as for them to arrive at Southampton the following morning at 7 or 8 o'clock.

Arnold - Norris the Sawyer and Wright one of the Shepherds are now living with their friends 7 or 8 miles from Chettle - so that it w'd be most impracticable to get them here the same day I received of Letter.

    Yours vy truly
    John West

To Major Macarthur, at Pyt House.

Database ID: 34403

Brothers, Kinnear, John McLellan, Royal George

Under the bounty immigrant scheme, the Macarthurs [of Camden Park] brought out 41 families between April 1837 and March 1839, together with a small number of single men. Six families were vignerons from the valley of the Rhine near Frankfurt, and the rest of the people were southern English. Edward Macarthur (the son of John & Elizabeth Macarthur) was in charge of the English end, which meant finding the people, signing them up and seeing them on to the ships.

The first import, by the ship ' Brothers' removed 15 families and one single man from the north-east corner of Dorset, from the area of Cranborne Chase. During the English Summer of 1836 Edward had begun by making contact with the Rev John West, an evangelical clergyman with experience in Canada, whose parish was at the border of the Chase. Most of the labouring men and women found for Macarthur had 'a general or immediate acquaintance' with each other. Several were brothers, two were sisters, and the evidence suggests other close ties. These original bonds were important because it was the Macarthurs' intention that at Camden the immigrants 'should form the nucleus of a rural community within themselves', relying as far as possible on each other. All were agricultural labourers, except for Samuel Arnold, a wheelwright, who was appointed overseer for the passage.

Seven more English families, also from near Cranborne Chase, arrived by the 'John McLellan' in October 1838. In the following March the 'Royal George' brought the final party (for the time being), 13 families and 3 single men, partly from the same area and partly from around Benenden, near Rye, on the Sussex-Kent border, the backbone of the Weald. This new district had been drawn on through the agency of Thomas Law Hodges, a Macarthur family connection, MP for Kent and principal landlord at Benenden. Both districts, especially the first, had been centres of trouble in 1830-2. Cranborne Chase was a lawless place from time immemorial and its worst parish was Sixpenny Handley, from which many of the Camden people came. At one point during the troubles the magistrates said of Handley that had they fully done their duty they might have arrested 'two-thirds of the labouring population of the district'. Some of the people who arrived by the 'Brothers' did prove difficult, but according to William they were managed with firmness and good temper. Thus the evil habits of their old life were soon 'repressed or reformed'.

Repressing and reforming began on board ship. As with the convicts at Camden, the process depended in the first place on giving the people secure rights and a certain minimal, but uncommonly high, standard of comfort. On the 'Brothers' for instance, the Macarthurs provided every family with a small, individually lighted cabin, 6 feet square, or two cabins in the case of large families, most of the room in each being taken up with matresses of twill or sacking, bolsters, blankets and cotton counterpanes. Each individual had his or her own tin pan and prringer, and in each cabin there was a green-painted slop-pail and cover, hook pots, a mess dish, a tea cannister, a sugar box, iron spoons, a mess kit for washing and a haversack. A printed ration list was hung up between decks for general information, and the food was to be provided to the people already cooked. The people were also promised that they were to have nothing to do with ordinary shipboard duties, and they were to be excmpt from the painful ritual usually suffered by ships' passengers on first crossing the Line. As well, every family on the vessel was provided with a Bible and every individual with a prayer book. All had access to an entire series of the 'Penny Magazine' and other 'useful' books and there were stationery and school texts for the children. There were prayers every morning and every night and Divine Service every Sunday. All were kept busy during the week, the men making up wool bales and nets of twine, and the women stitching shirts and shifts from material already cut up for them. They were paid for this labour when they got to Camden, and allowed to keep two out of every seven shirts and one out of every four shifts. Robert Towns, captain of the 'Brothers', maintained that 'many of the families who embarked with a very scanty supply, wrought themselves in this way into an excellent stock of apparel'. Towns also helped with their moral condition, getting the men up at 6 o'clock to clean their berths, and preventing all swearing, gambling and consumption of spritis. A school was kept on board for the children and Fanny Weeks, a labourer's wife, took charge of it, a service for which she received 5 pounds on reaching New South Wales. This was all very expensive - the 'Royal George' was escpecially chartered at a cost of 2,000 pounds - and only part of the outlay could be claimed as bounty. The rest was to be made up by virtuous and industrious behaviour on Camden Park. Every man was bound to the Macarthurs for three years - five in the case of the Germans - but at a price he could shorten his term. During that period he was given 15 pounds a year with rations, and he, his wife and children had the choice of doing piece-work as well. Each family was provided with a cottage, usually built of good thick pise walls. The cottage had a kitchen, two bedrooms, a small pantry, a veranda and a quarter acre for a garden. Each was also allowed to keep a milking cow, pigs and poultry, 'on condition of their getting into no mischief'.

Arrivals per 'Brothers', 8 April 1837:-
Arnold Family of Child Okeford, Dorset, England
Bradley family of Sixpenny Handley, Dorset, England
Butt family of Winterborne Strickland, Dorset, England
Butt family of Winterborne Strickland, Dorset, England
Cox family of Farnham, Dorset, England
William Elliot from Farnham, Dorset, Farm Steward, aged 19, unmarried,
Gumbleton family From Bishopstone, Wiltshire.
Henry, labourer, 26
Jane (nee Oxford), 24
Caroline, 3
Emmeline (or Emma), 2
Henry's niece, Martha Gumbleton, aged 17, was also on this ship. She went to Taralga
New family from Sixpenny Handley, Dorset
Norris family from Child Okeford, Dorset
Smith family from Donhead St Mary, Wiltshire
Thorn family from Sixpenny Handley, Dorset
Vincen family from Sixpenny Handley, Dorset
Weeks family from Sixpenny Handley, Dorset Weeks family of Sixpenny Handley, Dorset
WEEKS from Sixpenny Handley, Dorset
Wright family of Berwick St John, Wiltshire, England

Arrivals per 'Kinnear', 23 April 1838:

Arrivals per 'John McLellan', 3 October 1838:-
Bugden family from Donhead St Mary, Wiltshire
Kelloway family from Tollard Royal, Wiltshire;
Loader family from (Woodlands?), Dorset
Penny family bounty immigrants for the Macarthurs. from Donhead St Mary, Wiltshire
Read family from Donhead St Mary, Wiltshire
Rideout family from Tollard Farnham, Dorset
Talbot family from Donhead St Mary, Wiltshire

Arrivals per 'Royal George', 10th March 1839:-
Apps family of Horsmonden, Kent, England
Barrett family of Tollard Royal, Wiltshire, England
Bishop family of Benenden, Kent, England
Booth family of Benenden, Kent, England
Clout family of Benenden, Kent, England
Davis family from Beckley, Sussex
Douch family from Sturminster, Dorset
Fuller family from Beckley, Sussex, England
Furnall family of Tisbury, Wiltshire, England

Isaac Green Bounty Immigrant, arrived per Royal George, 10 March 1839; came from Sixpenny Handley, Dorset; labourer, aged 22, unmarried. He apparently left Camden in March of 1840.

Hayter family from Tollard (Royal?), Wiltshire
The Hayters, a tenant family, also moved [from Camden]. Jeremiah Hayter had arrived at Camden in 1839, one of the immigrants of the Royal George, a humble sawyer. He did very well. When he left he announced his departure with an auction of his property in the village, a four-roomed brick cottage with detached kitchen on half an acre, which in fact took some time to sell. Having paid 180 pounds for it in 1862 he got 130 pounds in 1869. Hayter's farm, 103 acres on the best part of Camden Park, he left with his third son James, who was about to marry. Some 300 acres which he failed to sell at Mulgoa Forest became the home of his fourth son, Jesse. The eldest son, John, Had a family of his own, but he and the remaining 8 children went with their parents to their selection at Sutton Forest. For this new land Jeremiah must have paid about 400 pounds and soon John began to buy land beside it. Thus were three boys provided for.

Elias Ingram labourer, aged 21, from Donhead, Wiltshire; bounty immigrant; unmarried; for the Macarthurs of Camden Park.

Norris family Arr per Royal George, 10 Mar 1839 from Child Okeford, Dorset Percy family brought out by W S Macleay; apparently never at Camden. from Shillingstone, Dorset
Sanger family from Shillingstone, Dorset
Sheather family from Brede, Sussex
Sheather family from Beckley, Sussex
Shelock family from London
Thorn family from Sixpenny Handley, Dorset
Watman family from Biddenden, Kent
James Bayley, from Cuddington (Buckinghamshire?), aged 25
Abel Fennel, from Tisbury, Wiltshire, aged 20
Henry South, from London, aged 22
George William Trowbridge, from Tollard Royal, Wiltshire, aged 18 (brother of Selina Kelloway who came out on the 'John McLellan')
William Wenham, from Kent, aged 31

Database ID: 34404

See www.nationalarchives.ie

Surname:	Gumbleton
Other names:	John
Age:	0
Sex:	M
Place of trial:	Co. Cork
Trial date:	27/06/1853
Crime description:	Stealing a pint [sic] and former conviction
Sentence:	Transportation 7 years
Document refs:	TR13, p21
Comments:	Convict was ordered to be discharged, 09/07/1857

Database ID: 34405

Mary Gumbleton Foley
County Sligo, Ireland
143
{Info from ‘Bluebird’ on IRC Genealogy}

Database ID: 34406

Lawrence Gumbleton

Database ID: 34407

Janet Gumbleton

Link to Janet GUMBLETON

Database ID: 34408

Michael Gumbleton

Database ID: 34409

Julia Gumbleton

Database ID: 34410

Henry Gumbleton

Database ID: 34411

Albert Gumbleton

Link to Albert Edward GUMBLETON

Database ID: 34412

Name	Age	Date	Ship	Port	Fiche	Page
Gumbleton, Mathew N	22	Jun 1859	Monsoon	B	146	2
Gumbleton, S Mr	0	Sep 1889	Lusitania	B	518	4

B=British port
www.prov.vic.gov.au/indexes.htm

Database ID: 34413

D/S Immigration & Nationality Department D/S/A/I/A558
Registration card of Joseph [sic] William Gumbleton of Highland Hotel, Corbiére, St Brelade, born 16/10/1875
Date 18/01/1941

Link to Josiah GUMBLETON

Database ID: 34414

D/S Immigration & Nationality Department D/S/A/I/B558
Blue registration form of Joseph [sic] William Gumbleton of Highland Hotel, Corbiére, St Brelade, born 16/10/1875
Date: 18/01/1941

Database ID: 34415

D/S Immigration & Nationality Department D/S/A/I/A557
Registration card of Florence Gumbleton, née Tencer of Highland Hotel, St Brelade, born 17/09/1896
Date: 16/01/1941

Database ID: 34416