Copyright Ian Pearson, BT Futurologist

 

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The future of the bathroom

 

January 2001

The mirror

 

In the bathroom, we sometimes would prefer not to see the real reflection of ourselves. In the future, we may commonly use digital mirrors in place of our ordinary analogue mirrors. These would be high quality screens with built in video cameras, displaying images based on what is seen by the cameras. The voice interface to the home computer network extends fully into the bathroom so you can control everything there as easily as anywhere else in the home. We could choose from a wide range of images instead as well as the more conventional simple reflection. Obviously, seeing ourselves the right way round requires a simple image reversal. Similarly, zooming in on a part of your face might make it much easier to shave, spot a speck in your eye, or to apply makeup.

 

A big problem many of us have in front of our bathroom mirror is our defective eyesight. Using eyeball tracking, the mirror may enlarge the area we are looking at to give a simple improvement. However, we will often have replaced our glasses with active contact lenses. As well as offering corrected vision, they also incorporate virtual retinal projection, writing computer generated images directly on our retinas. This of course makes the digital mirror obsolete as all of its functions can be incorporated into the lenses. Since the active contact lenses act as video cameras too, the lenses can use any conventional mirror in front of the user as the image source, and this also allows any mirror to act on the fly as a videoconference terminal.

 

But such facilities are trivial and the digital mirror could do much more. It could show us as we would like to be instead of how we are. Spots and wrinkles could be digitally removed, perhaps boosting our confidence even though we know it is not quite real. The mirror would be the perfectly friend, toning down your faults while gently guiding you as you fix them. Your hair may be awful, but the mirror may just show you a slight imperfection so you donÕt have as much stress while you fix it. You may know that you are 60 but the mirror could digitally enhance your appearance so that when you look at your reflection you still look 35. Everyone else may see you as old but why should you need to face the truth all the time? What is so great about reality anyway? Alternatively, if you like horror stories, you could use the image enhancement features to highlight what needs fixed. As well as removing wrinkles and spots, it could also improve facial symmetry, making you look more beautiful, while negotiating a special deal with the plastic surgeon to make it possible for you to actually look that way.

 

Applying makeup could be greatly assisted too. A computer could analyse your facial image and recommend which makeup to apply, based on your colours and the manufacturers recommended uses, or based on the latest fashions and styles. The mirror could display the various options side by side to help you choose the appropriate image. It could even put you in a virtual environment similar to that in which you expect to wear it. Having made the decision from the various faces, the mirror could guide you in its application, effectively makeup by numbers. It could highlight where to apply it and when to stop. The computer could take account of your various blemishes or strong points and recommend how to enhance or hide features as appropriate. WomenÕs electronic magazines may come with makeup suggestions accompanied by programs for the mirror, and they may be commonplace on the internet, or they may be supplied by the makeup manufacturers or distributors.  Simple radio links will be commonplace in future consumer electronics so getting the program there should be quite simple.

 

Of course, we wonÕt always want to play, and when none of the features seem attractive, there is always the straight reflection.

 

But the mirror may also be used to help prepare our image for videoconferencing. Using future compressions and image manipulation software, the video display at the other end will not show a true picture but a computer reconstruction of what you would look like. There is no such thing as reality in cyberspace, so you might as well choose the modifications that make you look how you would like to rather than allow the computer to do it for you. There is no better interface to allow you to do so than a digital mirror, where you could do DIY virtual cosmetic surgery, hairdressing and makeup, all assisted by the many programs that will become available for this task.

 

There is of course a danger in this technology. As a pastime, experimenting with your image may reduce the use of TV, but do we really want the extra vanity that will certainly come from the extra hours in front of the digital mirror?

 

Toothbrushes

 

In the bathroom, we also use a toothbrush. Today many of us have electric toothbrushes with interchangeable heads for each member of the family. The plastic bristles actually make simple light guides, so a while back, someone had the idea of putting either a laser or ultraviolet light source in the brush head and to use its light to kill the bacteria on our teeth. The light is guided from the laser along the bristles t the places where the plaque lies. Various means are possible to enhance the operation, such as using dies similar to plaque disclosers to make the plaque absorb the laser energy better, or using the laser primarily to reduce the plaqueÕs resistance to the bactericidal chemicals in the toothpaste. In this way, the laser wouldnÕt have to be too powerful and the risk of damage to gums is reduced.

 

Of course, the toothbrush will be just a part of our overall health care system in the home. It may include sensors that monitor the composition of our saliva, and infrared transmitters and sensors, checking the absorption characteristics of our gums to warn of possible problems. Such light absorption can be used to check a wide variety of conditions such as blood insulin levels or simply pulse and blood pressure. Other sensors in the handle may also help, especially in identifying the individual using it by means of their handprint, warning them if they have the wrong head attached as well as making sure the correct data is used for the various health functions.

 

Children may be encouraged to use to toothbrush by using it in conjunction with the digital mirror. A computer game may visualise the battle between the child and the plaque, so that every brush stroke is another missile launched in a 21st century Space Invaders game. Even simple musical behaviours may amuse small children.

 

Lights

 

We have very few types of light bulb. We can choose power, shape, beam spread and spectrum. Mood lighting has stimulated development of various colour tones, and compact-fluorescent low-energy bulbs help our wider environment. With some spotlight bulbs, we can also have reflectors that guide the light into a tighter beam. One further innovation would be to incorporate display media into the bulb shell. The chips with everything philosophy will mean that we have a ubiquitous computing surveillance environment and ensure that all our devices can talk to each other, even light bulbs. So we will be able to explain what sort of atmosphere we want, using a combination of words and gestures, waving our arms around to show where we want bright light and where we would like it be more subtle or coloured. LCDs or polymer displays in the light bulb will then block out or filter the light as required while holographic filters and lenses or even micromirror technology will direct the remaining light in any direction. Similarly, holographic technology will also be applied to control the light coming through the window.

 

A rather different lighting solution is to produce all the light needed for the building centrally, using microwaves to produce intense light sources, and then to pipe the light around the home using optical fibres. Obviously, similar techniques would work to enhance this too.

 

Tiles

 

With future polymer displays, you will be able to get electronic magazines, games and shopping tablets that you can use safely in the bath. There will also be video tiles with which you can cover the bathroom walls to provide entertainment or news while you are in the bath or shower. You could even use them to change the apparent appearance of the bathroom, teletravelling to and bathing on a different beach every night, or apparently taking a shower under an African waterfall. 3d sound positioning technology will make the experience even more convincing and compelling. Of course, you could chat to friends on videophone from the bath without fears of indecent exposure since future telecomms will allow digital image substitution. You could appear as fully clad and ready to work or play, or with any other image you prefer.

 

The Shower

 

While we take a shower in our video-tiled cubicle, we present an ideal opportunity for the home computer to scan our body to monitor our size, weight, and of course, health. Our size can be measured accurately by laser scans, and the information will be needed to ensure that our clothes can be manufactured to fit us precisely. Our weight can easily be measured by strain gauges in the shower floor. Further in the future, it may be economic to incorporate body scans to monitor some aspects of our health, perhaps using ultrasound to give advanced warning of growing tumours. What other conditions could be monitored best in the shower is less obvious. For many tests, the toothbrush or smart loo may be the better platform.

 

Laser hairdressing

 

One idea that may not catch on quite so well is laser haircuts. A special seat could use electrostatics to make your hair stand on end, while a special helmet incorporates lasers that neatly trim each hair individually to the required length according to the selected program.

 

Smart Loos

 

The ultimate bathroom nightmare is the smart loo, and worse still, it already exists. I invite the squeamish reader to avoid this section.

 

The smart loo knows who you are. You would probably have already registered in the bathroom by means of voice, finger or iris scan. If not, and if you have also banned the computer from having video cameras in the bathroom so it canÕt see your face, then when you sit on a smart loo, it is finally able to recognise you by your bottom. It can check your pulse and blood pressure, your insulin and sugar levels and a variety of other conditions simply by shining an infrared light into your body and analysing the reflected signals. But even the toothbrush can do that. What the toothbrush canÕt do of course is to chemically analyse your ÔproduceÕ. The smart loo can. It will check for urine infections, diabetes and a host of other conditions.

 

 

 

With all this equipment in the future bathroom, you will leave it each morning with a complete analysis of your health, complete with diet recommendations and the knowledge that the microwave will refuse to cook unauthorised foods. You will of course have sterile teeth, a complete 3d map of your body for the clothing manufacturers, and memories of a digitally enhanced picture of yourself from the mirror, with all the electronic vouchers you need for the makeup and plastic surgery to make it reality.