Authentic Counselling Training
A brief sketch of the stages proposed by Freud and Erikson
[Under development: 17 June 2005 ]
|
Age |
Freud's psychosexual stages |
Erikson's pychosocial stages |
|
0-2 |
Oral stage: Mouth is the major focus of stimulation; weaning is the key task. |
Basic trust versus mistrust: Infant forms first trusting relationship with caregiver. |
|
2-3 |
Anal stage: Anus is a focus of stimulation; toilet training is key task. |
Autonomy versus shame: Toddler begins to push for independence. |
|
4-5 |
Phallic stage: Genitals are focus of stimulation; identification with same-sex parent is key task. |
Initiative versus guilt: Child becomes more assertive, resulting conflict may lead to guilt. |
|
6-12 |
Latency stage: Sexual energy is quiescent. |
Industry versus inferiority: Child must learn basic cultural skills, such as school skills. |
|
13-18 |
Genital stage: Genitals are again focus of stimulation; formation of mature sexual relationship is key task. |
Identity versus role confusion: Teenager must figure out who he or she is and who he or she will be. |
|
19-25 |
(No new stage) |
Intimacy versus isolation: Adult must form at least one truly intimate relationship. |
|
26-50 |
(No new stage) |
Generativity versus stagnation: Adult must rear children or perform some other creative act. |
|
50+ |
(No new stage) |
Ego integrity versus despair: Adult must integrate earlier stages and achieve sense of dignity. |
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