CHASE ACROSS FRANCE AND THE BULGE
It was not until the Regimental units reached Ailly on 28 August that the French citizens came on to the streets and gave the troops a triumphal welcome, and the children, with admirable altruism, were forever asking for cigarettes for papa. Once again the Regiment was grounded, this time for 4 days, the respite enabling the troops to go into nearby Louviers to enjoy the fun of an ENSA show, but to temper this with a lament for the destruction of its fine cathedral by the German offensive in 1940. Some gunners were seen to pay greater attention to the buxom figure of Betty Bucknell, the main attraction in the show - after all, that is why she was there.
The Regimental Order for the movement of the Regiment over the Seine to Antwerp (extracted from the War Diary) reads as follows:
REGIMENTAL ORDER
Advance from the River Seine
53 Battery u/c 53 Division (less C Troop)
(Presumably this related also to 54 Battery - it certainly followed
the
same route)
Y Troop u/c 7 Armoured Div.
Advance HQ will move on Corps Main Axis - les Andelys Gournay
Fornierie - Grand Villiers Poix Mollieres Vidaume - Picquigny - Ail1y -
Saussay-la-Campagne Mericourt - Estree Ghewelt Haissette - Deintz
Antwerp.
This list embraced a welter of experiences. One Troop commander writes:
"When we crossed the Seine on the pontoon bridge near Louviers we camped out in the stables of a convent girls school. We gave the nuns a drum of boiled sweets for the children and they lined up in front of us and sang The Marseilles. After the horror of the beachhead it was a moving experience. Afterwards the nuns led the children in the evening round the convent grounds carrying lanterns and singing folk songs."
At Mericourt one writer reports that hungry Germans came in from the woods searching for food from the farms, so constant vigilance had to be maintained. The farm owners themselves were embarrassingly profuse in their thanks for being liberated. While en route to Estree Cauchay (near Arras) there was an opportunity
to inspect the much bombed doodle-bug (VI) sites. Local gossip had it that many of the VIs launched early in the offensive veered around and crashed quite close to the site itself. Thence on to the bleak industrial landscape of Belgium, past the Canadian War Memorial at Vimy Ridge, past Lens and on to Renaix, where a halt had to be called to allow a truck convoy of prisoners to pass through, a pause that the local citizenry used to swamp everyone in uniform with drinks, food, and every kind of hospitality. On 8th September, after a move to Hasselle, there was a further halt for 2 days, and a chance to hop back to the good folk of Renaix. Thence to Antwerp and back to war.
Before relating the events around Antwerp we must catch up with the progress of Y Troop who were last left attached to the 7 Armoured Div. The Troop commander has contributed the following:
"After the Seine our first serious engagement took place south of the Scheldt as the Germans pulled back to cross the Rhine estuary west of Antwerp. Each day we went forward with the SPs of (I think) the RHA and each night to the consternation of the hospitable Belgians we withdrew to somewhere a bit safer. Then we were engaged in the capture of Ghent. I recall being plied with schnapps in the central square while the infantry were clearing up the snipers in the houses across the square."
The sound-rangers and flash-spotters found Antwerp to be a fantasy city. People were going about their daily tasks, including shopping, with the regular sound of shell-bursts ringing in their ears. The enemy had regrouped and drawn up a defense line on the canal system east of the city. A correspondent (Jim Hurworth, a member of an SR AP) writes:
"Deurne, on the eastern outskirts of Antwerp - more like a picnic than a military exercise. In combination with AP1 our post was dose to a catering establishment known as Cafe Fort 1". We spent the greater part of our off-duty time in this place, and received morning coffee at the post, by courtesy of the proprietor."
The Antwerp base was certainly a queer affair. Cinemas were open within ¼ mile of the Forward Defended Localities (FDLs), and one could take a tram to within a short distance of the APs (the normal terminus was at Turnhout that was in enemy hands). There was an atmosphere of unreality about the whole situation, yet over the period 10 to 15 September D Troop recorded 37 HBs, all of them guns, and it became clear that the enemy was organised again.
To cover the Albert and Wilhelmina Canal front D Troop deployed a base at Antwerp with HQ at Die Pieting on 10th September, and C Troop a base at Gheel which they manned for just one day, locating 5 guns, before moving on to Peer on 17th September, where they were more successful with 53 HBs, mostly guns; it also managed to conduct some good ranging from this base.
D Troop took over the Gheel base from C Troop and remained there until 21 September, locating 111 guns (mainly 88 mm besides a few long range pieces). All troops who maintained this base agreed that it was a most eerie experience. There was a strange quietude about it. Jack Bobbitt, who was engaged on line maintenance writes:
"somehow we never felt quite at home (at Gheel) - there seemed to be something phony about the front.. When German patrols leave little notes on your wires - well, one begins to wonder." The same letter explains in stark terms the hazards of repairing the lines. It includes the following:
"Here my most uncomfortable experience was looking for a break in the line in no-mans-land at night (the party comprised Capt. Small, Sam Kemp and myself). We got to the forward infantry and told them of our intention. Then we went ahead of them between the exchange of spasmodic bursts of small arms fire - very quietly tip-toeing along the grass verge of the road between ominous looking thick woods on each side. We found the line and fixed the telephone on. Now came the awkward moment. Id got to give a buzz on that telephone when even breathing seemed to create too much noise. I waited for a burst of machine gun fire... It came - and I buzzed, Another wait for a burst of fire before I could speak. No answer! 1 breathed sigh of relief, for that meant the break in the line must be further back nearer home..."
The APs were uncomfortably unprotected at this base when a bridgehead was withdrawn.
Meanwhile the flash-spotters had not been idle, B Troop setting up a base at Balen on 14 September.
But what the soldiers on the ground could not know, was that a gigantic and imaginative airborne invasion was to be imminently launched. Its objective was to capture all the river crossings from Eindhoven up to Arnhem, and to thrust Dempseys 2nd Army through the corridor to reach Arnhem and subsequently to turn south and cut off Germany from the Ruhr. The attack went in on the 17 September. Just prior to its launch all troops were instructed to put out every aircraft recognition signal they possessed, and the general feeling was that there was to be a heavy close support raid. What they saw was a seemingly never-ending air armada of gliders and paratroops, following which the role of 2nd Army was explained. All future deployments were geared to this task.
Lt. Col. Clegg writes of this situation:
"12 Corps role in Operation Market Garden was that of left flank guard to 30 Corps drive HASSELT - EINDHOVEN - NIJMEGEN -ARNHEM. 8 Corps (incidentally with 53 Battery under its command) was right flank guard".
Accordingly 12 Corps deployed behind the MEUSE - ESCAUT canal between GHEEL and HASSELT east of DIEST, and secured an unpleasant little bridgehead, I think near DEERINGEN. 54 Batterys task was to cover this front and the bridgehead in particular.
There was a marked change of outlook on this front. After hundreds of miles through France and Belgium with only light rear guards to deal with, and the main danger being driven by accident into them, one again saw flattened villages, and again became careful of German observation and resultant German shells and mortars. The Germans had regrouped strongly behind the canal and did not lack guns or ammunition.. For the first time the Germans used flash propellant so B Troop had a ball. Alas, all to no avail. We literally had no ammunition to answer with, and our little bridgehead had hell as a result."
C Troop (in support of 8 Corps) moved on to Baaricht on 26 September, and, after a comparatively lengthy deployment, collected 135 enemy gun locations. The deployment was noteworthy for the placing of its APs without infantry protection, but they survived. D Troop (in support of 12 Corps) deployed along a railway line near Acht and located 51 HBs, all guns, mostly 88 mm. - thence to a base SE of St Oedenrode, a town on the main axis to Nijmegen that had been more than once cut
and restored by the 7 Armoured. The base was occupied until the 6 October and, understandably, bearing in mind the attention the enemy had given it, was remarkably successful. The HB Report quotes 213 locations, by far the greatest number relating to guns, some of them 88 mm, with a few mortars.
During this period when the flanks of the corridor were being protected and widened, the 4-Pen Section laid a 4-microphone base at Middelbeers with the object of locating mortars. For some reason the HB Report records that the CMO provided the AP personnel - perhaps it was to show the Counter Mortar staff the hazards of bringing in the material they worked with! The base was developed
- presumably this means it was widened - and eventually over the course of 8 days ending 3 October, 40 HBs were recorded, a fifth of which were mortars.But it was C Post of B (Flash-Spotting) Troop positioned in the village of Winkel that had the most hair-raising experience, and one that was to earn two of its contingent the award of the Military Medal. The story is told by Jock Burrows:
"On
3 October 1944 C Post was taken to the village of Winkel in Holland and set up an OP in the church. We were stopped from going into the village as it was not yet in our hands. After some delay we went in only to be told that the infantry were not occupying the village overnight and some patrol activity may take place. Our officer told the infantry that we would still use the church tower, so they left 3 Bren Gun carriers (12 men) for our protection. We parked the vehicles in the yard and 3 of us went into a small barn with a hay-loft: we stayed on the ground. We set up the instrument and telephone in the tower but unfortunately we never could get through to HQ so we came downA German patrol decided to come about 0200 hrs. Some came down the road through the village, others came round the farmyard from a field. We shot a couple from our barn and were then showered with rifle fire and grenades. They fired our two trucks and threw phosphorus grenades into the hay-loft. The infantry Bren Gun carriers had gone early, leaving trip wires across the road, and left us there!
The only thing we could do was run, and this we did. We had to run past the church just as the tower was blown up
- which was the purpose of the Germans visit."There is a corollary to this episode, Soon after the occupation of this post the artificer, Denis Osborne, was sent out there to repair the rear-link set. Having completed his task, he refused the reward of a cup of tea to get back quickly. He writes (in the style of a Pickwickian Mr. Jingle) "I get along the road
- hell of a racket Jerry patrol - Flash spotter up tower smashes the set Ive just repaired by chucking it over the tower - quite a bit of a battle." And so thought C Post.After the withdrawal of the remnants of the 1st Airborne from Arnhem, there was an understandable air of "What do we do next?" One certainty was that we would not yield the bridgehead beyond Nijmegen, and this was D Troops next location for a base, which was designed to cover Arnhem. The journey up the corridor was an experience. There was ample evidence of the road having been cut in places, and there was desultory shelling. Signs were posted along the route at appropriate places. - Keep Moving
- Dont Stop - and, especially for the RASC ration trucks - Are You Hungry: the Boys at the Front Are. Nijmegen bridge was under constant shellfire. A notice at the eastern end read You are over the bridge - now step on it! - advice that was always followed. One 54 Battery motor-cyclist had the misfortune to break down on the bridge while it was being shelled, which is one way in which Murphys law expresses itself. Perhaps it was a fit punishment for running out of petrol; anyway he survived without hurt.The Y Troop surveyors set up in a dried pea warehouse in Oesterbeck and prepared bearing pickets in the orchards south of Arnhem. While there the Germans blew a hole in the Nijmegen bridge, which was rather alarming for a time. At the same time B Troop set up posts around the village of Andelst, one of them in the church, and afterwards at Afferden, with one post situated in a windmill.
The D Troop bases on the island, the first at Oosterhoot and then at Andelst
-both taken over from the 4th Survey - produced 148 HB.s altogether, mostly of 88 mm, but also a few mortars. These bases were occupied from 6th to 18th October. The APs were overlooked from enemy high ground, and there were some torn nerves trying to distinguish between enemy patrol movement and innocent wild life in the scrubby surroundings at night! C Troop took over the Oosterhout base from D Troop and stayed until 17 October, locating 89 HBs of various sizes. The 4-Pen Section also laid a base on the southern side of the island at Bemmel, and occupied it from 9 to 19 October, claiming 30 HBs of varying calibre.