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- afnd"s"Gb k|;fb hf]zL
kz"kltsf -ljb]zL_ k"hf/Lx?sf] af/]df g]kfnL hg ;d"bfo cfh dfq x}g ljutsf k+rfot sflng lbgx?df klg v"zL lyPgg . al/i& k|zf;s e}/j /fh ;Tofnn] cfkm\gf] o"jf pd]/df kz"kltsf d'n e§sf] g]kfnL eQmhgx?nfO{ ul/gL tNnf] :t/Lo Aoaxf/n] c;x\o x"g" eP/ kz"ltsf tTsflng d'ne§nfO{ uf]b\g] c&f]^n] b]jkf^gdf lgs} lbg s"g"{eof] . d'ne§n] /fhf u"xf/] kl% / cfOGbf g]kfnLx?nfO{ /fd|f] Jojxf/ ug]{ d'ne§sf] cfZjf;g kl% dfq s"/f ;fDo eof] eGg] s"/f cem} klg a"(fkfsfx? ;"gfp¤b%g .
kz"kltdf d'ne§sf] Psflwsf/ % . d'ne§n] g]kfnsf pRrju{sfx?nfO{ wd{sf] gfp¤df t;f{P/ cfkm\gf] :jfy{ l;$ ug{ bzsf}+ b]lv ;kmn eO cfPsf %g . k'j{ d'ne§ /fjn kb\dgfe zf:qLn] pgn] d'ne§sf] ?kdf sdfPsf] wg cfkm\gf] ;ft k":tfnfO{ k"Ug] / ;f] sf] nflu /fhf k|lt s[t!tf k|bfg u/]sf] s"/f ef/tsf] Ps c+u|]hL cvjf/df %flkPsf] lyof] .
kz"kltdf ul/g] k"hfx?sf] b/ efp 2,4 xhf/ b]lv 6,8 nfv ;Dd x"g] u/]sf] % . tL k"hfx?af^ x"g] cfDbfgL kz"kltsf]ifdf hfg"sf] ;§fdf d'ne§sf] lghL x"g] ub{Yof] . ef/tdf klg y"k|} wfld{s dlGb/sf] sf]ifdf hfg] / ;f] /sdnfO{ lbg-b"MvLx?sf] nflu, lzIf)f ;+:yfgx? rnfpg, c:ktfnx?sf] ;+rfng ug]{u/]sf] x"¤bf Ps t ;dfhnfO{ kmfObf x"g ;s]sf] % eg] csf]{ tkm{ :yfgLo ;/sf/ / s]lGb|o ;/sf/nfO{ klg w]/} g} ;lhnf] ePsf] % . kz"kltdf eQmx?n] r(fO x"g] cfDbfgLnfO{ klg Ps hgfsf] cfDbfgL gjgfO kz"kltsf]if sf] cfDbfgL ug]{ / kz"kltsf]ifn] ;f] cfDbfgLnfO{ kz"klt If]qleqsf a[$f>d, kf}jf kf^L, (nx?sf] jfUdtLdf gldnfO{ cnUu lgsf; tyf To:t} c? /fd|f] sfdx?df vr{ ug"{kb{% . kz"klt ljsf;sf]if n] cfkm\gf] cfDbfgLnfO{ To;/L wfld{s ;+/If)f tyf jftfj/)f ;"xfp¤bf] ;"wf/ u/]/ kz"kltnfO{ ;f¤Rr}s} tkf]e'ld agfpg ;lsG% . >L 5 sf] ;/sf/n] olx k"Go sfo{ ug]{ cleofgn] 2055 j}zfv 1 b]lv nfu" ul/g] law]osnfO{ lo ;a} ljs[ltx? x^fpg &'nf] d@t ug]{ % . >L kz"kltgfyn] d'ne§, e)*f/Lx? / kz"kltsf]if sf ;a} nfO{ ;b\a"l$ b]pg .
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>L 5 sf] ;/sf/n] g]kfnL s/bftfx?sf] /ut / kl;gf aufP/ sdfPsf] k};f åf/f lt/]sf] s/ nfO{ cfkm\g} dg v"zLn] c/jf}+ c/j ?k}+of g]kfndf :yflkt ljleGg ;+:yfg / lgudx?df nufgL u/L ;s]sf] % . lt ;+:yfg tyf lgudx? nfO{ ;/sf/df a;]sf bnx?n] cf cfkm\gf] bnsf sfo{stf{x? nfO{ etL{ s]Gb| agfpg ynf]df pkof]u ul/+bf / lt ;+:yfgx?af^ ljefuLo dGqLx?n] cfkm\gf] s";L{ / :jfy{sf] vflt/ ;+;b tyf kl/jf/nfO{ l/emfpg] ul/Psf ;+:yfgsf ;fwg tyf c? lrhx?sf] b"?kof]un] klg ;+:yfgsf] cjgtLdf lhDd]jf/ kIf xf] . xfn} dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] ;/sf/ / ;+:yfgsf k|d"vx?sf] Pse]nf u/fP/ clxn]sf] g]kfndf ;+:yfgx?df em)*} ;a}h;f] ^f^ kN^]sf] ca:yfdf x"g" / Toxf¤ x"g] a]?h"x?nfO{ t"?Gt} g/f]lsg] xf] eg] To:n] b]zs} /fli^«o cy{tGqnfO{ g/fd|f] c;/ kfg]{ r]tfjgL lbg" ePsf] % . csf]{ lt/ cf-cfkmgf] ;/sf/ x"¤bf b"?kof]u ul/Psf s"/fx?nfO{ (fs%f]k ug{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s/f]*f}+ ?k}+of vr{ u/]/ a]nfotsf] Adam Smith Institute / a]nfot ;/sf/sf] cGt/fli^«o ljsf; ljefunfO{ g]kfnsf ;+:yfgx?sf] lghLs/)f ul/g" kg]{ k/fdz{ lbg nfluPsf] % . t/ jf:tljstf Tof] geP/ ;/sf/L bjfj, /fhg}lts lgo"lSt / ;+:yfgsf] sf/f]jf/df unprofessional intervetion g} d"Vo sf/)f xf] . olb ;/sf/n] /fhg}lts lgo"lQm gug]{, sfo{stf{x? egf{ u/]/ gyf]kfl/g] / unprofessional intervention gug]{ xf] eg] / ;/sf/af^ lt ;a} ;+:yfgx?nfO{ df}nfpg rflxg] ;a} ;xof]u ug]{ xf] eg] s"g} klg ;+:yfg sf] l:ylt cfh eGbf cfly{s b[li^sf])f n] w]/ psfl;g] % .
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Ps k^s km]/L n]vf ;ldlt / dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{non] cf-cfkm\gf] st{Jo k"/fug]{ hdsf]{ u/]sf] % . n]vf ;ldlt / dxfn]vf k/LIfs sfof{non] k|wfgdGqL b]lv lnP/ dGqL, ;f+;b, ;lrjx? ;a}nfO{ b]zsf] cy{ tGqdf ePsf] a]?h"x? / clgoldttf af/] %n{é kf/]sf] % . ToxL s"/fx? nfO{ hgtf %]P klg k"/\ofP/ pxf¤x? n] cf-cfkmgf] st{Jo nfO{ cem a(L Joxfl/s / kf/blz{tf agfO{ hgtf k|ltsf] cfkm\gf] lhDd]bf/LnfO{ ;kmntf k'j{s lgefpg" ePsf] % . kf/blz{tfsf] of] yfngL xf] . ;/sf/L lgsfodf a;]sf x/]s sd{rf/Lx?n] cfkm\gf] lhDd]af/L klg k')f{?kdf jxg ug]{ / To:nfO{ ljgf k'jf{u|x kf/blz{s agfpg] xf] eg] dfq ;"wf/sf] cfz ug{ ;lsG% . olb o; sfo{nfO{ s]xL lbg / xKtfkl% km]/L TofUg] xf] eg] n]vf ;ldlt / dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{non] u/]sf] k|z+;lgo sfo{ xflQsf] b]vfpg] bf¤t h:tf] dfq x"g] % .
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gof¤aif{ 2055 ;¤u} g]kfndf csf]{ ;/sf/ cfpg] kSsf eO{ ;s]sf] % . of] gof¤ ;/sf/ k"/fgf] ;Qf ;lds/)f s} cGtu{t ge} csf]{ gof¤ ;Qf ;lds/)f df x"g] % . /fhgLltdf sf]xL klg cfkm\gf] x"Gg g sf]xL zq" . ToxL cawf/)ffdf ca x"g] ;Qf ;lds/)f eGg klg kSsf ePsf] % . 103 s} uGtLn] ubf{ cfh b]zsf] d'No / dfGotfdf cjd'Nog ePsf] xf] . 103 s} hf]* #^fpn] ubf{ ;/sf/n] s"g} sfd ug{sf] ;f^f] ;Qf l^sfpgdf a(L Wofg lbg" kl//xg] e} /x]sf] lyof] / sfd u%"{ egL cfPsf] ;/sf/n] klg ToxL hf]* #^fpnfO{ v"zL kfb}{df cfkm\gf] c&f]^nfO{ ltnf~hnL lbg" k/]sf] lglj{jflbt ;To xf] . ToxL hf]* #^fpsf] sf/)fn] ubf{ cfkm\gf] 2 b]lv 7 hgf dfq ;f+;bx? ePsf] kf^L{n] ;/sf/nfO{ lgoGq)f ug{ ;kmn e}/x\of] . 205 ;f+;bx? x"g] ;bgdf lo 11 hgf ;f+;bsf dflns bnx?n] ;/sf/ km]g{ s/nfO{ /xg" k|hftGq k$tLnfO g} pkxf; agfO{ lbPsf] % . ca aGg] ;/sf/ g]kfnL sf¤u|]; / g]kfn sDo'lgi^ kf^L{ b"j} kf^L{x?sf] dfq u&aGwg ;/sf/ x"g] % / Tof] ;/sf/ b"a} kf^L{x?sf] nflu Pp^f &'n} s;L klg aGg] % . olb lo b"a} kf^L{sf] u&aGwg ;/sf/n] klg ;lds/)fnfO{ k'j{ calw l^sfpg ;s]g eg] hgtfn] slxNo} ;fy lbg] %}gg .
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cGTodf, g]kfn e|d)f aif{ 1998n] kSs} klg g]kfn leq / aflx/ klg g]kfnLx? aLr Pp^f cflTdo jftfj/)fsf] l;h{gf u/]sf] cg"e'lt ;a}n] u/]sf %g . j*fdxf/fhflw/fh k[YjLgf/fo)f zfxsf] g]kfn rf/ j)f{ %lQ;hftsf] km'njf/L xf] eGg] plStnfO{ ;a}n] x[bo+ud ug]{ xf] eg] xf] eg] xfd|f] b]zsf] eljZo clt g} :jl)f{d x"g] % .
