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s]xL xKtf b]lv b]zfGt/ ;fKtflxs dfkm{t ;efd"v /fdrGb| kf}*]n tyf ljut s]lx aif{ b]lv g]kfnsf ljleGg &fp¤x?df hgo"$ ;+rfng ul//x]sf] g]kfn sDo"lgi^ kf^L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf g]tf *f= afj"/fd e§/fO{ ljr g]kfndf xfndf ePsf] k|hftGq / o;sf] ;Gbe{df hgo"$af/] ax; rNb} cfPsf] % . hgo"$ z"? eP otf ;/sf/L tyf dfcf]jfbL b"j} kIfaf^ ePsf] lxF;fTds sfo{jfxLx?df w]/} dflg;x?sf] Hofg u};s]sf] %, s}of}+ dflg;x? #fOt] ePsf %g\ / s}of}+nfO{

lxF;fTds sfo{df nfu]sf] cleof]udf h]ndf y"gfdf /flvPsf] % . /fHo / dfcf]jfbLx? ljrsf] %kmnsf nflu y"k|} k|of;x? klg ePsf %g\, x"¤Fb} klg %g\ . t/ jftf{x?sf kl/)ffd x]bf{ t"?Gt} hgo"$ /f]lsg] ;+s]t klg %}g .

;efd"v kf}*]n tyf *f= e§/fO{ ljrsf cfk;L jfbljjfbx? x]bf{ klg clxNo} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lglSnxfNnf eGg] ;lsg] l:ylt klg b]lvFb}g . t/ cfk;df ts{ ljts{ ug]{ h"g k|s[ofsf] yfngL ePsf] % To;n] eg] g]kfndf k|hftGq ;DalGw %nkmn, jfbljjfb tyf cGt/s[o tyf o;sf] dfWodaf^ Ps csf{;Fu l;Sg] k|s[ofsf nflu eg] ;sf/fTds e'ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ g} % . oxL %nkmnnfO{ cl# a(fpg d cfkm\gf] b[li^sf])f cufl* ;fg{ rfxG%" .

*f= afa"/fd e§/fO{sf] ts{ /x]sf] % ls clxn]sf] /fHo Joj:yf eg]sf] k|hftGqsf] vf]n cf](]sf] lglZrt ju{sf] lgoGq)fdf /x]sf] Joj:yf xf] . clxn] /fHo Joj:yfn] hgtfsf] Goflos cfjfhx?nfO{ slxNo} klg p&\g lb+b}g . ;+;b eg]sf] vfln a"h"{jfx?sf] ukm ug{] cv*f xf] eGg] n]lngsf] ljrf/ h:t} ljrf/ cl# ;fg"{ ePsf] % . g]kfndf clxn] b]zsf] /fHo ;Qfsf] ks* ljleGg ljb]zL zlQmx?sf] xftdf u}/x]sf] % eGg] s"/f klg jxf¤sf] /x]sf] % . ;+If]kdf eGbf dfcf]jfbL hgo"$n] p&fPsf] ;d:ofnfO{ o;/L /fVg ;lsG% xf]nf M g]kfndf clxn] dflg;x? ljr ljleGg lsl;dsf] c;dfgtfx? %g\ . >f]tx?dflysf] kx"¤r lglZrt ju{, hft jf ln+u -k"?if_sf] xftdf /x]sf] % . of] clxn]sf] cj:yf Pp^f nfdf] P]ltxfl;s k|s[ofaf^ lgdf{)f ePsf] % . xfnsf] /fHo Joj:yfn] o;nfO{ g} sfod /fVg] sfd ub{% . g]kfndf xfn e}/x]sf] k|hftGq lgs} l;ldt % . o;n] ax";¤Vos hgtfsf ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;Sb}g . o;}n] hgo"$ oL c;dfg ;DaGwx?nfO{ jbNgsf nflu ckl/xfo{ % .

To:t} ;efd"v kf}*]nsf] ts{ /x]sf] % ls ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg clxn]s} ;Da}wflgs (¤Frf leqaf^ vf]lhg" kb{% / Tof] ljNs"n ;Dej % . ;efd"vn] k|hftGqaf^ g} ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG% eGgsf nflu klZrd o'/f]ksf ljleGg k|hftflGqs ;dfhjfbL b]zx?sf] pbfx/)f k|:t"t ug"{ ePsf] % . To:t} Ps bnLo clwgfosjfbL zf;g Joj:yfsf] sNkgf ug]{ sDo"lgi^ Joj:yfaf^ ;d:ofsf] xn x"¤b}g eGgsf nflu jx¤Fn] k'j{ ;f]leot ;+#sf] clxn]sf] kl/jt{g, c? sDo'lgi^ b]zx? h:t} rLg, leotgfd, cflb b]zx?df clxn] cfO/x]sf] kl/jt{gsf] pbfx/)f lbg" ePsf] % . ;efd"v kf}*]nn] klg l;$fGtt g]kfndf c;dfgtf % / of] ablng" kb{% eGg] s"/f :jLsf/ ug"{ ePsf] % . oBkL jx¤Fn] *f= e§/fO{s} zAbx?df Tof] s"/f /fVg" ePsf] eg] %}g . w]/} dflg;x? ul/j %g\ eGg] s"/fdf jx¤fsf] klg ;xdlt /x]sf] % . jxf¤sf] ljrf/ cg";f/ oL c;dfg ;DaGwx?nfO{ abn]/ clxn]s} ;Da}wflgs (¤Frf leq ;dtfd'ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{)f ug{ ;lsG% . s] g]kfndf k|hftGq *f= afj"/fd e§/fO{ Ho'n] eg] h:t} lglZrt ju{sf] dfq} xLt ug]{ vfnsf] j"h{"jf k|hftGq xf] < jf /fd rGb| kf}*]n Ho'n] eg] h:t ;j} yf]ssf] ;dfwfg ug]{ ynf] xf] <

d *f= e§/fO{sf] g]kfndf clxn]sf] /fHo ;Qf lglZrt ju{sf] sAhfdf % eGg] s"/f ;+u w]/} xb;Dd ;xdt %" . To:t} d plQs} ;xdt g]kfnsf] w]/} ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg clxn]sf] k|hftflGqs kl/j]z leqaf^ ;Dej % eGg] s"/f ;++u

klg ;xdt %" . t/ jx¤Fx? b"j}sf] ljZn]if)f s"g cy{df l;ldt % eg] jxf¤x? b"j}n] k|hftGq eg]sf] vfnL /fHo ;Qfdf r"gfjsf] dfWodåf/f x"g] hgtfsf] ;xeflutf xf] eg]/ k|:t"t ug"{ ePsf] % . *f= e§/fO{n] o;sf] cfnf]rgf tyf hgo"$sf] cfjZostf :yflkt ug{sf nflu To:tf] ts{ ug"{ ePsf] % eg] kf}*]nn] k|hftGq g} ;a} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsg] k|s[of xf] eGgsf nflu of] ts{ ug"{ ePsf] % .

o; n]vssf] ljrf/ % ls g]kfndf ePsf] xfnsf] k|hftGqsf] kl/efiff *f= e§/fO{ tyf /fdrGb| kf}*]n b"j}n] ug]{ u/]sf] ;+;b jf r"gfjsf] #]/f eGbf aflx/ uP/ j[xb\ ?kdf ug"{ kb{% . xfn g]kfndf ePsf] k|hftflGqs kl/j]z eg]sf] r"gfj, /fhg}lts kf^L{ jf ;+;b dfq} slQ klg xf]Og . lgZro klg g]kfndf xfn ePsf] k|ltlglwd'ns Joj:yfsf] ?kdf k|hftGqnfO{ x]/\of] eg] xfd|f] k|hftGq lgs} lgsDdf /x]sf] % eGg] s"/f yfxf nfUb% . vf;u/L ;f+;bx?sf] df]ndf]nfO{ v;L ahf/df x"g] v;Lsf] df]ndf]nfO h:t} ePsf] s"/f ;fwf/)f eGbf ;fwf/)f g]kfnL jLr clxn] n"sfpg g;lsg] ;To ePsf] a]nf ;+;b ca xfdL g]kfnLsf] ;a} ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;Ifd xf]nf eGg" ;¤FlRrs} sf]/f sNkgfdf p*\g" eGbf a];L gxf]nf . t/ xfnsf] k|hftflGqs kl/kf^L leq}af^ ;+f;bx?n] hgtfsf nflu lg)f{o ul/lbg] clxn]sf] s]lGb|s[t k|)ffnLnfO{ abn]/ lj:tf/} hgtfx?sf] l;wf ;xeflutfdf g} lg)f{ox? ug{ ;lsg] kl/kf^L tkm{ hfg ;lsg] ;Defjgf rf¤lx k |i^} b]lvG% .

g]kfndf :yfgLo :t/df dflg;x?n] cfkm\gf hLjgdf c;/ kfg]{ lg)f{ox? ug]{ lhDdf cfkm}n} lng yfn]sf k|;:t} pbfx/)fx? b]lvg yfn]sf %g\ . To:t} dflg; dflg; ljrsf / sltko &¤fpFdf dflg; / k|s[lt ljrsf c;dfg ;DaGwx? abNg] :yfgLo k|of;x? / lt k|of;x?sf] Jofks xft]dfnf]sf] yfngL klg ePsf %g\ . lt k|of;x? ;FVofTds lx;fan] w]/ %}gg\ kSs} klg . t/ ltgLx?sf] k|of;nfO{ x]bf{ xfdLn] dflg;x?sf] ;r]t k|of;af^ clxn] s} kl/kf^L leq af^} Jofks ;fdflhs kl/jt{g Nofpg ;lsG% eGg] cfzf ug{ ;lsG% . :yfgLo ?kdf ;r]t (+un] Jofks ;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf nflu k|hftflGqs k|s[ofaf^ ;[hgf x"¤b} u/]sf hg

;+u&gx? tyf :yfgLo >f]tx?sf] :jfldTj :yfgLo ;d"xx?df Nofpg] k|of;nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ of] ts{ /fVg ;lsG% . ljut ;ft jif{df g]kfndf w]/} r'gfjx? eP, ;/sf/x? klg w]/} g} rf]^L km]l/P . t/ xfdLn] of] ;ft aif{df ePsf] cGo :yfgLo ultljlwx? klg ulxl/P/ x]/\of}+ eg] s] yfxf nfUb% eg] o; ;dodf r'gfj af^ k|ltlgwL %fGg] / lt k|ltlglwx? dfkm{t /fHodf cfkm\gf] nflu xLts/ lg)f{ox? ug]{ cfz ug]{ sfd hgtfn] kSs} klg u/]sf %g\ . t/ To; eGbf afx]s clxn]sf] cf}krfl/s /fhg}lts #]/f aflx/ klg hgtfx?n] cf-cfkm\gf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu :yfgLo :t/df ;+u&Lt x"g] k|s[of klg yfn]sf %g\ olx ;ft aif{sf] bf}/fgdf . 2046 ;fnsf] hg cfGbf]ngsf] nuQ} kl%sf] v"nf aftfj/)f eg]sf] kf^L{x? agfpgsf nflu dfq v"nf lyPg . c? ljleGg ?kdf ;+u&Lt x"gsf nflu klg v"nf lyof] . ;+;b dfg] k|hftGq eGg] xfd|f clxn]sf /fhg}lts kf^L{x?sf ;f]rx?n] hgtfnfO{ ;¤Frf] cy{df ;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf] k|s[ofdf ;xeflu u/fpg ;Sb}gg\ eGg] s"/f k|i^ eO;s]sf] % . clxn] g]kfndf r'gfjdf nfUg] kf^L{x? vfnL ædnfO{ ef]^ xfn] d /fd/fHo NofOlbG%"Æ eGg] vfnsf] ljsf; a¤F*\g] &]s]bf/Lsf] /fhgLlt dfq} u/]sf %g\ . t/ :yfgLo ?kdf pd|b} u/]sf oL hg ;+u&gx?n] t &]s]bf/ /fd|f] xf];\ eGg] sfdgf gul/sg &]s]bf/L Joj:yfnfO{ g} ;dfKt kf/]/ cfkm\gf] eljiosf] lgdf{)f ug]{ lhDdf cfkm}n] lng] cleofg rfn]sf %g\ . dfcf]jfbLx?n] g]kfndf ePsf c;dfg ;DaGwx? abNg] eg]/ g} hgo"$ ;+rfng u/]sf %g\ . To:t} ;efd"v /fdrGb| kf}*]nn] klg dflg; dflg; ljrsf c;dfg ;DaGw abNgsf nflu k|hftGq leq ;Defjgfx? %g\ eGg" ePsf] % . obL ;flRr g} g]kfn leq /x]sf dflg; dflg; ljrsf c;dfg ;DaGwx? abNg] sfd ug]{ xf] eg] xfd|f] /fhg}lts cEof;sf] yfngL ;d:ofsf] ;lx ljZn]if)f tyf dflg;x?n] cf-cfkm\gf] :t/df ub}{ u/]sf k|of;x?sf] ulx/f] cWoog u/]/ pgLx?sf] k|of;df xft]dfnf] ub}{ z"? x"g"kg]{ xf]Og <