FOR THE VISITOR TO THE
U.S.A. INTERESTED IN
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
Because of
the
naturally sheer mass of American Revolution sites in the U.S.A. it is
not
intended or possible to list them all. For the time being we will try
to
list Main sites, those of particular historic importance or associated
with the 35th regiment of Foot.
Once Again
we cannot stress too much, AMERICA IS HUGE and some of the
sites
listed are hundreds if not some thousand miles apart.
If planning a historic tour
of the U.S.A. get a good map beforehand and decide just what you want
to,
and can, practically, see.
BOSTON
Mention the
American Revolution/American War of Independence to any History buff
(and
Most Americans) and somewhere in the conversation BOSTON is
bound
to be mentioned. For Myself I do not apologize at all, for saying
without
hesitation BOSTON is, for many reasons, (friendliness
being probably the biggest!!) my all
time
favourite U.S. city. As a result I'm only too happy to put it at the
very
top of this list.
With such a
wealth of history both within the City's environs and in the
surrounding
country it is difficult to know just where to start, however there is
one
tourist feature the City and its fathers should rightly be proud of (And
one a good many cities ought to emulate) and that is the FREEDOM
TRAIL so I will start with this.

THE STATE HOUSE
THE SHAW MEMORIAL

Further along
the trail is the Granary Burying Ground (Final resting place of Giants
of American history such as Samuel Adams, Peter Faneuil, Paul Revere
and
John Hancock.), Kings Chapel and its burying ground (resting place of
William
Dawes junior --fellow rider with Paul Revere, plus a number of the
Mayflowers
passengers).
Other sites
include the Old South meeting house (forever associated with the
"Boston
Massacre" and as well as the meetings leading to the Boston Tea
Party),The
old State House, Faneuil Hall, known for good reason as the "Cradle of
Liberty",and then Paul Revere's House
and the Old North Church (associated with Paul Reveres attempts to warn
the rebels of the British march on Lexington and Concord).
COPP'S Hill
(from which British cannon fired on Charlestown during "Bunker Hill")is
easily ascended and crossing the CHARLES RIVER the trail comes to a
fitting
end at the "Bunker Hill" Monument. In the vicinity of this Monument are
two additional places worth visiting, first, just down the hill towards
the harbour is, The Bunker Hill pavilion with its entertaining version
of the battle. Just a short walk, about two hundred yards is an
honoured
relic of the war of 1812 THE
U.S.S. CONSTITUTION which is the oldest
Floating
commissioned
warship in the world
(H.M.S.
Victory in Portsmouth England is some 60 years older BUT
NOT AFLOAT).The area also has an
associated
museum with numerous hands on, child grabbing exhibits

Statue of William Prescott at the Bunker Hill Memorial.
Below another famous adversary of the British this time the War
of
1812
U.S.S. Constitution (Old Ironsides)

TIPS.
If you intend to use Boston
as Stop/Start of your trip and intend to hire a car for your holiday,
the
best tip I can make is, don't get your car until the day you
intend
to leave Boston for the surrounding countryside. With the best will
in the world driving within Boston is akin to maniacal ( I met one U.K.
couple, from London who returned their car because they could not cope
with it)-besides who wants to drive expensive hire cars when public
transport
is both excellent and cheap?.
On the freedom trail. If a
visitor
intends to walk the trail, bearing in mind its a couple--three miles
long,
depending upon detours. The best piece of advice therefore must be to
wear
a comfortable pair of walking shoes. There are FREE
90 minute guided walking tours available (10.00-15.00hrs) April until
September.
These start at The National Park Service Centre in State Street (A
really
friendly lot) or by phone on (617) 242-5642. This is a good
introduction
to the trail allowing the keen, to retrace their steps, if interest
prevails,
later. I walked the trail several times (and still probably missed a
few
things).Other walking tours are available i.e. Boston
By Foot . On the hunger stakes, the length of the trail is dotted
with
coffee houses (few, if any tea shops!!!--I wonder why?) and really good
eating establishments. If the wallet has to be watched and/or you just
want quick, good wholesome food with no frills, then time your mid day
stop for Quincy Market area (behind Faneuil Hall). Try the local
speciality
Clam chowder in a bun, I almost lived off the stuff plus a good few
lobsters
while travelling the trail.
If walking
is not your scene, then, the route is amply served by numerous
transport
systems the underground is safe with terminals within easy walking
distance
of both ends of the trail. There are also stations at several locations
along the trails route.
Sightseeing
Again
the city is amply served by numerous companies serving the tourist
market,
alas I did not use any (I was too busy walking) however one did stand
out
and that is the amphibious tours using Dukw's "a la" World War 11
(though
not of that vintage). These vehicles trundle about all the important
sites
while having the addition of a short river journey and probably unique
view of this lovely though bustling City. Also of note are Trolley
Tours, Historic Tours and
Discover
Boston.
MUST SEE There
is one attraction connected with the American Revolution which I cannot
praise highly enough. It is housed, at first thought, oddly, within one
of Boston's ultra modern and tallest of buildings THE JOHN HANCOCK OBSERVATORY.
The
Road to Independence. This unique display is an exciting
light
and sound show featuring music, narration and a miniature colonial
Boston,
that traces the history of events that led up to the revolution of 1775.
The show follows the development of
Boston itself, the mini campaign of Lexington and Concord and the
battle
of "Bunker Hill". This is all done with a flourish of the American gift
of presentation and links those past times with the present in such a
way
that dismisses the idea that such a display should be elsewhere. (I've
seen only one similar display to this--Stirling Bridge Scotland. Other
sites, Hastings, Waterloo, Quebec, to name but three could do well to
see
this exhibit to see just what could be done.) The bonus is that the
view
from the top floor (where the exhibit is housed), is to say the least,
stunning, whilst again it links the miniature Boston you may have just
seen, with what you see before your eyes.
LEXINGTON & CONCORD
Within easy reach of Boston are two of the equally
important
sites of The American Revolution Lexington and Concord
together
with "The minute man
national
Park" they form part of what is known as "The Battle Road".
It
was during this mini campaign fought during April 19th 1775 that the
first
shots of the war were fired ("The Shot heard around the World").
Independent travel is possibly best for those who have
a keen interest in the period as this allows maximum time at the two
main
centres (plus allowing a detailed look at particular sites along the
road
itself) but this might necessitate an overnight stay.The other
alternative
is hoping onto one of the numerous coach trips to these famous spots,
the
down side however being the limited duration of the stay AND the
distinct
possibility, given Boston's large Irish community of being subjected to
a Political/21st Century slanted view of events 200 plus years ago.
These drawbacks aside the short trip is well worth the
effort (especially during the fall---(Autumn to us in the U.K.)
Although
neither site has the high tech of The Hancock Observatory (alas money
rules
all in the U.S.) both manage to convey the events of that fateful day.
(A handy copy of Osprey's- Boston 1775, Concord Chamber of Commerce
Battle
Road or Battlefield Atlas of the American Revolution by William
J.Clipson,
will help, no end!!.)
Lexington green minuteman statue

The Minute man stone below marks the line where
American
defenders first drew up to oppose the British

The story of the Concord fight is told on a number
of
plates
such as that below

Concord's North Bridge (the fifth replacement since
1775)
Also note that on the fateful day there was little
undergrowth
let alone trees

"Somewhere in the Corner of a
foreign
field"
The graves of British
Soldiers
killed during the fight for the Bridge

The Inscription reads
THEY CAME THREE THOUSAND MILES AND DIED,
TO KEEP THE PAST UPON ITS THRONE,
UNHEARD BEYOND THE OCEAN TIDE,
THEIR ENGLISH MOTHER MADE HER MOAN
APRIL 19. 1775
"Everyone's favourite airline" including mine, British Airways,
FROM LONDON GATWICK
Virgin Atlantic, Northwest Airlines and Continental Airlines
Where to stay/general info
One of the best sites to visit is BOSTON
123 -Boston Hotels and Tourism guide to Boston or VISIT
BOSTON. Though given Americans reputation for hospitality I cannot
think of a better introduction to America, let alone Boston, than
staying
in one of the many superb bed and breakfast establishments, these can
be
contacted on a number of sites amongst which are---HOST
HOMES OF BOSTON, GREATER
BOSTON
HOSPITALITY , Bed
& Breakfast Inns ONLINE.
I plumped for Host homes and was more than happy, I
stayed
with a
Mr and Mrs Artin, in Newton Highland. Mrs Artin's
breakfast
table was a sight to be seen and I for one take the much belated
opportunity
in thanking them both for their fantastic introduction to America in
1998.
Interstate travel
Coach travel seems to be the main mass interstate
transport
means, and it is well catered for if travelling from Boston. The coach
station is far better in ALL aspects than many airports. The two main
companies
running from the terminus are Greyhound and Robin Hood (there are
probably
others) the last, I found particularly helpful/agreeable.
LASTLY IF YOU FIND SOMETHING YOU WILL THINK MAY HELP OTHERS IN DISCOVERING BOSTON AND ITS SURROUNDS LET US KNOW----THIS PAGE IS DESIGNED TO BE OF HELP.
RAYNHAM
HALL MUSEUM (Long Island, New York)
Telephone (516) 922 6808. Open Tues-Sun 1300hrs-1700hrs
Served as British H.Q. During the Revolutionary War.
It is associated with JOHN GRAVES SIMCOE (Of QUEENS RANGERS
FAME)
It is here a conversation between Major Andre and Lt. Colonel Simcoe
was
overheard by a Townsend daughter.The conversation consisted of
detailed
information about a treasonous plot with American General Benedict
Arnold.
General Arnold was to surrender his troops at West Point to Major Andre.
It also has less sinister links, in particular
America's
first documented Valentine Lt. Col Simcoe apparently asked Sally
Townsend
to "Choose me for your Valentine" and wrote to her as such. See
full version of his Valentine
SARATOGA
A visit to this site being ideal if also visiting Forts
Edward,George, and Ticonderoga etc. Saratoga is one of what I call the
"big three" of the American Revolution (the other two being Boston and
Yorktown). As it happens others must think so, therefore it is no
accident
they are amply covered by Osprey publishing in their Campaign series of
books. Such is the case with Burgoyne's ill fated expedition, and I
cannot
recommend a better and more handy guide to the battlefields.

Fort Ticonderoga/ Fort Carillon
FORT TICONDEROGA
Supplied by our friend
Christopher D. Fox
Curator, Fort Ticonderoga

The much contested fortress
(During
both the French and Indian War and the American Revolution) was built
in
1755 by the French and named Fort Carillon. It was subsequently
captured
and renamed Fort Ticonderoga in 1759 by the British. The Fortress
stands
at the southern tip of Lake Champlain guarding over the old North/South
river/lake trading and/or invasion route.Its influence on history alone
makes it unique and worthy of a visit however the museum also exhibits
an unparalleled collection of 18th century military arms, accoutrements
and articles of the private soldier.
So on two fronts the enthusiast is in for a treat.
The open season runs from early May
to late October and it is open seven days a week 09.00 to 17.00 which
extends
till 18.00 during July and August Official
Website
Utica, New York (20
Miles North of Utica)
Baron
Friedrich Wilhelm Von SteubenHistoric Site
In the early 1930's New York State purchased land
surrounding
the monument and developed the historic site erecting a replica of the
Baron's log cabin and providing picnic tables and brasiers for visitors
to the site.
Programs are developed and scheduled by the Friends of
Baron Steuben and are held at the site from Memorial Day weekend to
Labor
Day weekend.
Valley Forge (Pennsylvania)
The endurance of the fledgling America army at Valley
Forge (and nearby Morris town) during the winter of 1777-8, is by
its self a great epic of American History, it also marks a
turning
point in the fortunes of American arms. Needless to say it draws a good
few visitors who are as usual well catered for by the National Parks
Service.
The official web site
is
particularly good and is continually added to/amended
MOUNT VERNON VA

The battlefield/siege lines, town plus Jamestown (The first English settlement in the New World) and Colonial Williamsburg all fall under the broad heading of
Though NOT within easy reach of my favourite U.S.
city
(Boston), (Washington probably being the best arrival point) as an
historic
site with almost complete battlefield, for the enthusiast, it is a site
not to be missed.
It has a very well equiped and manned (once again a
very
friendly lot) visitor centre. For those wanting to know a little more
of
the history behind this site AND the events up till the treaty of Paris
September 1783 click----
Other Sites and Battlefields
As I have yet to visit many of the following
battlefields,
all/we can do for the present is supply links to relevant historic
parks,
web sites etc. As I/we have not visited these places yet we cannot
verify
their value to the visitor, should you therefore visit, then, we would
appreciate any information you might gain.
Brandywine (Pennsylvania)
Brooklynn--Little of the battlefield
remains---covered
as it is by the sprawl of modern Brooklynn however the visitor can find
a few remnants of that battle--The
Old Stone House--(A authentic reconstruction of the house where
Mordechai
Grist lead some 400 Marylanders in a desperate movement to cover the
retreating
American troops after the defeat of the main revolutionary force on
Long
Island) and Battle Pass incorporated into modern day Prospect Park.For
brief description of battle. Better still obtain----------
------John J Gallagher's superb THE BATTLE
OF BROOKLYNN 1776
Camden
Cowpens (South Carolina)
Eutaw Springs
Fort Washington (not a great deal to be seen but of interest to the 35th Foot)
Guildford Court House (North Carolina)
MonmouthThe largest battle of the Revolution
Oriskany --possibly the bloodiest battle of the American revolution
Trenton (New Jersey) See also the Old Barracks
TOMBS AND MONUMENTS
OF PERSONALITIES
Horatio Gates American Revolutionary
General
/ Hero of the Battle of Saratoga.Specific location of grave is unknown.
He rests somewhere within
Trinity Churchyard
74 Trinity Place
Manhattan, New York,
USA 10006
212-602-0800
Nathanael
Greene born. 1742. died. 1786. Revolutionary War General (second in
command to General George Washington). As acting commander of the
Continental
Army, he quashed Benedict Arnold's 1780 plot to surrender West Point to
the British. He Rests
Johnson Square,
Savannah,
Georgia,
USA
John
Paul Jones
Such is the unique contribution that John Paul Jones
made to his adopted country's fight for freedom, plus a unique story in
life AND death, we are only to happy give more time and space to this
remarkable
man.


Charles
Lee born. 1731. died. 1782.Revolutionary War General,
remembered
for the blistering verbal attack on him by George Washington
during
the battle of Monmouth.
Churchyard of Christ Church,
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania,
USA
Harry
Lee born January 29, 1756. d. March 25, 1818.
(No relation to Charles Lee)
Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee .Renowned Revolutionary
War Cavalry Commander. His most notable exploit was the capture
of
Paulus Hook, New Jersey, where he and his command captured 400 British
soldiers with the loss of only one man. Lee idolised his commander,
Washington,
and became one of his most trusted lieutenants, while his superb
horsemanship soon earned him the nickname "Light Horse Harry." Upon the
death of President George Washington, Harry Lee was asked by Congress
to
deliver a tribute to his beloved general, describing him, for posterity
thus-
"First in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen.. second to none in the humble and endearing scenes of private life".
Later he put his memoirs down on
paper
(partly to repay mounting debts--alas he was no farmer). Ironically his
last years were marred by much pain bought on by injuries, he received
when he was beaten by a mob after being involved in the publicising of
articles criticising the then U.S. Government and its War With Britain
(1812). Seeking relief in the warm climate of the West Indies, his
health
continued to decline, he attempted to return home, but he died on
Cumberland
Island, Georgia, in the home of the daughter of his former commander,
Nathanael
Greene.
A Brave man by any standards, a
loyal
follower of George Washington
HE RESTS NEXT TO HIS EVEN MORE ILLUSTRIOUS AND
MUCH LOVED LEGENDARY SON ROBERT
E. LEE. Both rest in the Lee family crypt/museum,
Lexington,
Virginia
Benjamin
Lincoln, b. January 24, 1733. d. May 9, 1810.
Revolutionary War Continental Army Major General.
Served
with distinction in the Northern battles of Bennington and Saratoga.
Made
commander of the Charleston, South Carolina defenses in 1788, he
allowed
the British to box him in the city, which he surrendered after the
siege
(1780). Exchanged, he joined Washington's army in time to participate
in
Cornwallis' defeat at Yorktown. As Washington's second in command, he
accepted
the British surrender from Cornwallis' second in Command, Brig. Gen.
Charles
O'Hara (Cornwallis was ill and did not personally surrender). He served
as Secretary of War of the Continental Congress from 1781-1783. A myth
arose that Washington spurned O'Hara's surrender sword, and directed it
to General Lincoln because Cornwallis forced Lincoln to surrender
Charleston.
The truth is the military protocol of the time directed officers of
equal
rank to deal with one another. Since Washington was higher in rank to
O'Hara,
protocol dictated the General Lincoln accept the surrender. He rests--
Old Ship Church Cemetery,
Hingham,
Massachusetts,
USA.
Thomas
Paine Born January 29th 1737 died June 8th 1802.
"Arguably the most important and influential
political
propagandist ever to have written in the English language". Much of his
doctrines can be seen behind such World organsations as THE UNITED
NATIONS
CHARTERS.
Born in thetford, Norfolk England, to a Quaker father
(A staymaker by tradeand "Freeman of the borough of Thetford" and
therefore of some consequence) and Anglican mother, the fortunate young
man was educated at the local Grammar School.
His early life after school was spent at first as
aprentice
to his father however he was never satisfied with his lot and soon
turned
to wanderings and a number of temporary positions which included
teacher,
as a privateer, and oddly staymaker. He lived for a while in London
where
he regularly
attended astronomy and science lesson the subjects of
which influenced his writings in later life. A new life found him
training
as an Excise man and worked in Grantham Lincs however after a sacking
then
reinstatement he moved South to the County Town of Lewes in Sussex.
It was in Lewes that he first took an active part in
politics both in parish matters and debating group which he joined.
Alas
a second marriage ended in disaster while his business met a similar
fate,
to top it all he was again sacked by the Excise board.
Thanks to his Political leanings he had become friends
with Benjamin Franklin. this great statesman furnished the disilusioned
37 year old with letters of introduction and Thomas Paine headed for
the
New World
By 1759 he had settled down in Sandwich Kent, as a
staymaker,
and it was here he married only to see his love die in childbirth the
following
year.
Arguably one of those intellectual giants whose
writings
influence us to this day. During his life he took an active part in
both
The American and French Revolutions and personally new most of the
important
people involved in those events. He produced many books, (the two most
famous being The Rights of Man and The Age of Reason) and pamphlets
advocating
political, social and religious reform. His articles also championed
the
rights and dignity of the ordinary man. Throughout his life time he was
the embodiment of pepublican democracy and freethought.
By 1774 Thomas Paine had become a jounalist, and
eventual
editor of a new Pennslvanian Magazine. Now, a steady stream of
political
pamphlets came from his direction including one of the most influentual
of those calling for American Independence--"COMMON SENSE".
When War broke out he saw some active service but his
greatest weapon was his pen, which he now wielded to great effect.
During
the lfe of the early republic Paine held a number of prominent posts
but
eventually became critical of some aspects of the New Republic.
By 1787 Paine was back in Europe where he published THE
RIGHTS OF MAN. But this led to being charged with having written
seditiuos
libel, prudently Paine fled to France, never to return. Arriving in
France
he was greeted as something of a hero and eventually elected by the
people
of the Pas de Calais, as their member of the National Assembly. In
England
meanwhile, he was tried and found guilt in his absence making any
return
impossible.
In France for calling for the TRIAL, but NOT
the execution, of LOUIS XVI, PAINE fell foul of ROBESPIERE. For this he
spent several mounths in Luxembourg prison and only narrowly missed
being
guillotined.
Arround this time his The Age of Reason was published.
This contained a viscious attack on recognised religion creating for
its
author a great many enemies.
With the rise of a new tyrant, Napoleon, Paine became
dissilusioned with French politics and returned to America. Here at the
age of 72 Thomas Paine died on the 8th of June 1808. He was buried on
his
farm at New Rochelle.
Sadly even in death he was doomed to see little rest
for in 1819 William Corbett had Paines remains dug up with the
intention
of returning them to England for use in stimulating interest in the
great
man, alas Corbett died and Paines remains were lost ---the man who
uttered
the words ----
Israel
Putnam born. January 7, 1718. died.
May
29, 1790.
This renowned general helped organize the defense of
Bunker Hill. He was also involved in the battles around New York in
1776.
Veteran of the 1754-63 French and Indian wars, an explorer in 1766-67
of
the Mississippi River; member of Conneticut general assembly. He
rests beneath a few particularly poignant lines at
Putnam Monument,
Brooklyn,
Connecticut,
USA
John
Stark Defender of "Bunker Hill" and victor of
"Bennington".
A brave and stubborn fighter which seemed to have followed him
throughout
his life as he was the last survivor of the great leaders of the
American
Revolution.
he rests in
John Stark State Park,
Manchester,
New Hampshire,
USA
Friedrich
Wilhelm Von Steuben
Born 17th September 1730 died, 28th of November,
1794,
A much, overlooked hero of the American Revolution, General Steuben should possibly be considered the “Father of the American Military.” His training methods and sheer ability without doubt substantially contributed to American freedom.

He entered the Prussian army in 1746 as lance-corporal. As a second lieutenant, in May of 1757, he was wounded at the second battle of Prague. After he recovered from this minor injury he was able to participate in the Battle of Rossbach in November of 1757. By 1761 Major Friederich von Steuben was a general staff officer and aide-de-camp to Frederick the Great, during The Seven Years War (French and Indian War).
After the demobilisation of 1763, he secured the post of Grand Marshall in the court of the Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. In 1769 he was awarded the Order of Fidelity, an honorary knighthood, by the Margrave of Baden. French War Minister, Count de St. Germain, introduced him to American ambassador, Benjamin Franklin, who arranged his passage to the United States. Steuben arrived on the at Portsmouth, New Hampshire on 1st of December, 1777. A few days later Von Steuben sent a short note to the Continental Congress at York, Pennsylvania and, to General Washington, offering his services. His letter, which is looked upon as something of a classic, may not be his own words, as "The Baron" spoke no English.
"Honorable Gentlemen: The honor of serving a nation engaged in the noble enterprise of defending its rights and liberties, was the motive that brought me to this continent. I ask neither riches nor titles. I am come here from the remotest end of Germany, at my own expense, and have given up an honorable and lucrative rank. I have made no conditions with your deputies in France, nor shall I make with you. My only ambition is to serve you as a volunteer, to deserve the confidence of your general in chief, and to follow him in all his operations, as I have done during seven campaigns with the King of Prussia. Two and twenty years spent in such a school seem to give me a right of thinking myself among the number of experienced officers; and if I am possessed of the acquire-ments of the art of war, they will be much more prized by me if I can employ them in the service of a republic such as I hope soon to see in America. I should willingly purchase, at the expense of my blood, the honor of having my name enrolled among those of the defenders of your liberty. Your gracious acceptance will be sufficient for me, and I ask no other favor than to be received among your officers. I venture to hope that you will grant this, my request, and you will be so good as to send me your orders to Boston, where I shall await them, and take suitable measures in accordance".
His offer of service was accepted, and he reported to Gen. George Washington at Valley Forge, Pa., on 23rd of February. When he arrived at Valley Forge he was appalled by the condition of the army, his own words speak for themselves --"It would be an endless task to enumerate the abuses which nearly ruined the army."
There seemed to be little accountability for supplies, officers could not even sure of the number of men under their command. Equipment of all kinds was lacking, with soldiers without clothing or even muskets, worse still there was a complete lack of discipline. Troops were even in the habit of coming and going as they pleased, those who living nearby walking away and return to their homes to attend to their farm chores . On the operational level, although they were good individual fighters, the American infantry's ignorance of the elementary principles of drill or manoeuvring often put them at a fatal disadvantage against their well-trained British/ Hanoverian opponents
Steuben immediately took control of this military chaos and set out to change it. Personally becoming a drill sergeant, he started teaching marching, marksmanship and battle tactics. He introduced group training, hand picking 100 men, training them and sending them out to train others. He put into practice camp sanitary methods and established common latrines, away from the tented areas, while tents themselves were erected in lines in a proper military fashion. Soon the camp began to have a ordered disciplined appearance which in turn no doubt effected the self esteem of Washington's troops.
All of this organisation, including the necessary orders, was handicapped by Von Steubens lack of English. However Nathaniel Greene and Alexander Hamilton were great admirers of Steuben's efforts and it was these two men who actually passed on his orders.
Impressed no doubt by the change beginning to come over his army, Washington recommended, to Congress, on 30th of April, 1778, that Von Steuben should be appointed Inspector General of the Army. Congress complied and in May 1778. Not all of Washington's Generals had the same degree of respect for what Steuben was accomplishing. Generals LaFayette, Lee and Mifflin felt that they were being interfered with in the training of troops under their command (This may even have been tinged with a little jealousy?), nevertheless, Steuben continued with his valuable task.
During this time Steuben wrote his training manual known as 'The Blue Book', more formally known as, "Regulations For The Order And Discipline Of The Troops". The book included detailed instructions for the discipline and conduct of officers and enlisted men, as well as organisation of units, and all related issues. Washington approved the book and printing commenced of three thousand copies ordered by Congress.
In the spring 1780 Von Steuben was in Virginia where he assisted LaFayette with Virginia Continental troops. Commanding a division during the enveloping of Yorktown where his skill and experience in siege warfare became invaluable and may often have been deferred to. After the war ended he and Washington devised a plan for the defence of the Colonies. The army was being demobilised in 1783 and Von Steuben was discharged in 1784 and was granted American citizenship by a special act of the Pennsylvania Legislature.
He moved to New York City living at several locations. Considered somewhat of a hero and something of a ladies man he seems to have been a witty and amusing dinner guest so invitations came in profusion from the prominent society families of the area. He was also generous, to a fault, (Which may have been a failing since his finances seemed to have suffered) and was connected with an Organization that provided food and shelter for the poor of German extraction. In 1790 the Baron received a pension from the then government, enabling him to move to a plot of land in Oneida County.
On the 28th of November , 1794, the Baron unexpectedly passed away. His body was wrapped in his military cloak and on Saturday, 29th of November the General was laid to rest beneath a tree on his estate. (Von Steuben was childless, having never married, it was rumoured that he came to America in 1777 because of a broken European romance ?).
His Friend and admirer Charles Green's words on this
Gallant
Prussian Officer were--
"To fully relate the accomplishments and achievements
of
General Von Steuben would take more space than is available in
this
publication. We sometimes forget the contributions of these patriots,
to
the freedom we enjoy today, and this brief article serves as a reminder
to those who served".
During the early 19th century it was determined that a new road was to be built across the Von Steuben estate. The surveyors laid out the road in such a manner that it would cross over the burial site. During the grading, the coffin was uncovered and neighbours opened it to obtain pieces of the General's military cloak. Steuben's friend, Benjamin Walker, had the coffin dug up and reburied. He is buried near his cabin originally in an unmarked grave in accordance with his wishes. In 1875, however, the Steuben Society of America and New York State erected a monument to mark the Baron's final resting place.

George Washington America's Great leader of the revolution and father of his country see
|
|
|
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS |
|
|
|
THE 35th FOOT PROJECT |