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Index of medieval people in this section
 
TancredTewdwr, Rhys ap
Theobald (of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury)Theobald (V)
Thomas (Duke of Clarence)Thomas (Earl of Lancaster)
Thomas (Earl of Norfolk)Thomas (of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester)
Tostig (Earl of Northumbria)Trygvasson, Olaf
Tudor, Edmund (Earl of Richmond)Tudor, Jasper (Earl of Pembroke)
Tudor, OwenTyler, Wat
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      Tancred
 Tancred was the nephew of Bohemund of Taranto and a leader of a Norman army from southern Italy and Sicily who joined the First Crusade. When Bohemund was captured in 1100 and held prisoner for several years Tancred became regent of Antioch.
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      Tewdwr, Rhys ap
Born:
Died: 1093

Rhys ap Tewdwr was the ruler of Deheubarth, the area of south west Wales, at the time of the Norman invasion. An agreement with William the Conqueror enabled Rhys to remain in control of the region. After William's death Rhys' power came under attack both from within Wales and from the Normans. After Rhys was killed in 1093 the Normans took the opportunity to invade the region. His son was Gruffydd ap Rhys and his grandson was Rhys ap Gruffydd, known as The Lord Rhys.
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YearMonthDetails
1081  William tours south Wales
  William the Conqueror visited South Wales and St. David's. He met Rhys ap Tewdwr, the ruler of the area and allowed him to remain in control of the region for a yearly sum of money. 
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      Theobald (of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury)
Born:
Died: Apr 1161

Elected Archbishop of Canterbury in 1138. Theobald sided against King Stephen who had himself planned to become Archbishop. In 1152 Theobald refused to crown Stephen's son Eustace and in 1154 crowned Henry II and Eleanor at Westminster.
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YearMonthDetails
1138  Theobald becomes Archbishop
  Theobald is elected as Archbishop of Canterbury. 
1152 Apr 6 Theobald refuses to crown Eustace
  King Stephen had several lords swear to have Eustace, his son, as the next king of England. Theobald the Archbishop of Canterbury, who had to accept as well, refused to crown Eustace favouring Henry II's claim to the throne instead. 
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      Theobald (V)
 First son of Stephen, count of Blois and Adela, daughter of William the Conqueror. His brother Stephen became king of England.

Family Tree Details
Father: Stephen (count of Blois)
Mother: Adela (Daughter of William the Conqueror) ( - d.1137) 
Theobald (V)
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      Thomas (Duke of Clarence)
Born:
Died: 1421

.

Family Tree Details
Father: HENRY (IV, King of England 1399-1413) (b.1367 - d.1413)
Mother: Bohun, Mary 
Thomas (Duke of Clarence) ( - d.1421)
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      Thomas (Earl of Lancaster)
Born:
Died: 1322

Son of Edmund Earl of Lancaster and cousin of Edward II king of England, Thomas became one of the most powerful Lords of the time. As one of the leaders of the Lord Ordainers he attempted to limit the powers of the King and to remove Gaveston the King's favourite. Thomas was captured and executed as a traitor.

Family Tree Details
Father: Edmund (Earl of Lancaster) ( - d.1296)
Mother: Blanche (of Artois) 
Thomas (Earl of Lancaster) ( - d.1322)
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YearMonthDetails
1311  Lancaster's marriage provides more power
 Qtr 1 Lancaster pays homage
 Qtr 1 The rise of Thomas Earl of Lancaster
1312 May Gaveston surrenders
 Jun 19 Gaveston executed
1313  Construction of Dunstanburgh Castle
1314 Sep Edward loses power to Lancaster
1315  Lancaster in power
1318 Aug 9 Treaty of Leake
1319 Jun Edward marches to free Berwick
1321 Qtr 1 Despenser and the Marcher Lords
 May 24 Meeting at Pontefract
 Jul Parliament at Westminster
1322 Mar 16 Battle of Boroughbridge
 Mar 22 Lancaster Executed

  Click here to see timeline details

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      Thomas (Earl of Norfolk)
Born:
Died: 1338

Son of Edward I and his second wife Margaret.

Family Tree Details
Father: EDWARD (I, King of England 1272-1307) (b.1239 - d.1307)
Mother: Margaret (of France) ( - d.1317) 
Thomas (Earl of Norfolk) ( - d.1338)
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      Thomas (of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester)
Born:
Died: 1397

Son of Edward III.

Family Tree Details
Father: EDWARD (III, King of England 1327-1377) (b.1312 - d.1377)
Mother: Philippa (of Hainault) ( - d.1369) 
Thomas (of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester) ( - d.1397)
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YearMonthDetails
1355 Jan 7 Birth of Thomas of Woodstock
  Thomas of Woodstock was born to Philippa and Edward III. 
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      Tostig (Earl of Northumbria)
Born:
Died: 1066

Tostig was the son of Godwine, Earl of Wessex and brother of Harold II, King of England. Tostig became the Earl of Northumbria in 1055 and went to Flanders in 1065 after a rebellion against him led by Morcar forced him out. Tostig sided with Harold Hardrada in the attempt to invade Britain and was killed at the Battle of Stamford.

Family Tree Details
Father: Godwine (Earl of Wessex) ( - d.1053)
Mother: Gytha 
Tostig (Earl of Northumbria) ( - d.1066)
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YearMonthDetails
1065 Oct Morcar becomes Earl of Northumbria
  A rebellion against Tostig, Earl of Northumbria leads to Tostig fleeing to Flanders and Morcar becoming the new Earl. 
1066 Sep 25 Stamford Bridge Battle
  King Harold II defeated the invasion threat from Harold Hardrada, King of Norway and his own brother Tostig, both of whom were killed. This stretched his forces to the limit as they quickly had to march south to defend against William of Normandy's invasion at Hastings. 
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      Trygvasson, Olaf
 Olaf Trygvasson of Norway.
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YearMonthDetails
991  Vikings paid to leave
  Athelred was advised by Archbishop Sigeric to talk to Olaf and arrange a truce rather than trying to defeat the Vikings in battle. The Vikings accepted a large payoff (Danegeld) and left. 
  Battle of Malden
  The raiding Vikings attacked the Ipswich area of England before sailing into the Blackwater river estuary near Malden. The English were waiting for them and trapped the Vikings in rising tidal waters. The English fought bravely and a poem was written about their exploits but in the end the Vikings were victorious and the English were defeated. 
991 - 993Vikings attack the wealthy south-east
 Under the leadership of Olaf Trygvasson the Vikings attacked the wealthy south-east coast of England and took as much riches as they could carry.3 
994  Swein Fork-Beard becomes King of Denmark
  Swein Fork-Beard had overthrone this father King Harold Blue-Tooth Gormsson, King of Denmark in 988. With a huge fleet of 94 ships he arrived in the Thames estutary with Olaf Trygvasson by his side. London put up a good defence and drove the Vikings back so Fork-Beard moved his forces again to attack the south-east coast to plunder what he could find.3 
 Winter Trygvasson converted to Christianity
  Through the Winter months Athelred provided the Vikings with lodgings and £16,000 in cash to stop the raids on his land. Athelred was also the sponsor at the baptism of Olaf Trygvasson. Olaf was given instruction from the Bishop of Winchester.3 
1009  Danes repeatedly attack England
  Swein Fork-Beard and Olaf Trygvasson repeatedly attacked England over several years destroying the land. 
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      Tudor, Edmund (Earl of Richmond)
Born:
Died: 1456

Edmund was the son of Owen Tudor, a Welsh landowner, and Catherine of France, the wife of Henry V. Edmund married into the Beaufort family and their son became Henry VII, the first Tudor king.

Family Tree Details
Father: Tudor, Owen (b.1400 - d.1461)
Mother: Catherine (of France) ( - d.1438) 
Edmund Tudor (Earl of Richmond) ( - d.1456)
  +Lady Margaret Beaufort (b.1443 - d.1509)
    =Henry (VII, King of England 1485-1509) (b.1457 - d.1509)
      +Elizabeth (of York) ( - d.1503)
        =Arthur (Son of Henry VII) (b.1486 - d.1502)
        | +Catherine (of Aragon)
        =Margaret (Daughter of Henry VII) (b.1489 - d.1541)
        | +James (IV King of Scotland 1488-1513) (b.1473 - d.1513)
        |   =James (V, King of Scotland 1513-1542) (b.1512 - d.1542)
        =HENRY (VIII, King of England 1509-1547) (b.1491 - d.1547)
        | +Catherine (of Aragon)
        | | =Mary (I, Queen of England 1553-1558, Bloody Mary) (b.1516 - d.1558)
        | +Anne Boleyn ( - d.1536)
        | | =Elizabeth (I, Queen of England 1558-1603) (b.1533 - d.1603)
        | +Jane Seymour ( - d.1537)
        | | =Edward (VI, King of England 1547-1553) (b.1537 - d.1553)
        | +Anne (of Cleves)
        | +Catherine Howard
        | +Catherine Parr
        =Mary (Daughter of Henry VII) (b.1495 - d.1533)
          +Louis (XII, King of France)
          +Charles Brandon (Duke of Suffolk) (b.1485 - d.1545)
            =Frances (Lady)
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YearMonthDetails
1452 Nov Edmund and Jasper created Earls
  The two sons of Owen Tudor, Edmund and Jasper were made Earls. Edmund became the Earl of Richmond and Jasper became the Earl of Pembroke. 
1455  Edmund Tudor marries Margaret Beaufort
  Edmund Tudor married Margaret Beaufort, the heiress of the Duke of Somerset. Margaret was only twelve years old.4 
1456 Summer Edmund Tudor captured
  Edmund Tudor Earl of Richmond is captured.5 
 Nov Edmund Tudor dies
  Edmund the Earl of Richmond died in captivity in Carmathen Castle. His thirteen year old bride Margaret was expecting their child who would become the future King Henry VII. 
1457 Jan 28 Henry (VII) is born
  The future king of England, Henry VII, was born at Pembroke Castle. His father was Edmund Tudor who had died a couple of months before the birth and his mother was Margaret Beaufort who was directly descended from Edward III. 
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      Tudor, Jasper (Earl of Pembroke)
Born:
Died: 1496

Jasper Tudor was the second son of Owen Tudor and Catherine of Valois. He was given the title Earl of Pembroke in 1453. When Edmund his elder brother died in captivity in 1456 Jasper took his wife Margaret who was expecting her first child to Pembroke Castle.

Family Tree Details
Father: Tudor, Owen (b.1400 - d.1461)
Mother: Catherine (of France) ( - d.1438) 
Jasper Tudor (Earl of Pembroke) ( - d.1496)
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YearMonthDetails
1452 Nov Edmund and Jasper created Earls
  The two sons of Owen Tudor, Edmund and Jasper were made Earls. Edmund became the Earl of Richmond and Jasper became the Earl of Pembroke. 
1456 Dec Margaret Beaufort moved to Pembroke
  After the death of Edmund Tudor his brother Jasper Tudor Earl of Pembroke moved Margaret Beaufort to Pembroke Castle. Margaret was the wife of Edmund and expecting their first child.5 
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      Tudor, Owen
Born: 1400
Died: 1461

Owen Tudor was a Welsh landowner and a supporter of Owen Glendower. He worked in the household of Catherine of France, the wife of Henry V and after Henry died in 1422 married the Queen. Their son Edmund Tudor, the Earl of Richmond, married into the Beaufort family and their son became Henry VII, the first Tudor king. Owen and Catherine had four children, the youngest two devoting their life to God.

Family Tree Details
Owen Tudor (b.1400 - d.1461)
  +Catherine (of France) ( - d.1438)
    =Edmund Tudor (Earl of Richmond) ( - d.1456)
    | +Lady Margaret Beaufort (b.1443 - d.1509)
    |   =Henry (VII, King of England 1485-1509) (b.1457 - d.1509)
    |     +Elizabeth (of York) ( - d.1503)
    |       =Arthur (Son of Henry VII) (b.1486 - d.1502)
    |       =Margaret (Daughter of Henry VII) (b.1489 - d.1541)
    |       =HENRY (VIII, King of England 1509-1547) (b.1491 - d.1547)
    |       =Mary (Daughter of Henry VII) (b.1495 - d.1533)
    =Jasper Tudor (Earl of Pembroke) ( - d.1496)
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YearMonthDetails
1429  Marriage of Owen Tudor and Catherine of France
  It is believed that Owen Tudor and Catherine were secretly married in this year or just before. 
1437 Jan 3 Catherine of France dies
  Catherine died in this year after retiring to Bermondsey Abbey. Some reports say she died whilst giving birth, but this is probably wrong. 
 Qtr 2 Owen Tudor is captured
  After the death of Catherine of France Owen Tudor was summonsed by Henry VI. Owen was unsure of Henry's motives and wanted some guarantee that he would be able to leave unharmed. That guarantee was given and Owen went to London. Still cautious, Owen used the safety of Westminster to investigate the King's reasons for his summons and when he was relatively happy visited the King. Owen was charged with certain crimes but was cleared and allowed to leave. On his return to Wales Owen was arrested and imprisoned in Newgate gaol. 
1438 Qtr 1 Owen Tudor escapes
  Somehow Owen escaped from the Newgate prison along with his priest and servant but was soon recaptured and sent to Windsor Castle. 
1439 Jul Owen Tudor is pardoned
  Owen Tudor was pardoned for all crimes he had been accused of and released from Windsor Castle. He was taken in by the King and given a regular income. Owen and his sons proved to be faithful Lancastrian supporters. 
1461 Feb 2 Battle of Mortimers Cross
  Edward Earl of March, now the heir to the English throne, showed off his military skills at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in Herefordshire. The Lancastrians with Welsh support had caught Edward as he travelled to London. On the morning of the battle three bright lights were seen in the sky. Edward used this strange sight as a good omen. The Lancastrians were defeated and Owen Tudor was captured and beheaded. Jasper Tudor escaped. 
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      Tyler, Wat
 Leader of the Peasant's Revolt (1381).
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YearMonthDetails
1381 Jun 7 Peasant's Revolt reaches Maidstone
  The Kentish section of the Revolt reached Maidstone where they were joined by Wat Tyler who became their leader. They released John Ball from the church prison.6 
 Jun 10 Peasant's Revolt reaches Canterbury
  William Courtenay was elected the new archbishop of Canterbury by the Kentish rebels who crowded into the church. The previous archbishop was in London with the king and was to be beheaded by the rebels. The Essex section of the revolt burnt and sacked a Hospitaller commandery that had previously belonged to the Templars called Cressing Temple.6 
 Jun 15 Watt Tyler killed
  Richard II again met the rebels, at Smithfield; they demanded the confiscation of church land; Watt Tyler was killed and the rebels dispersed; the Prior of Bury St.Edmunds was executed by the townspeople; University property was attacked in Cambridge (-17.6).
7 
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Selection of references used:

  1. Caroline Bingham,The Life and Times of Edward II,
  2. A.R.Myers,England in the late middle Ages,
  3. Magnus Magnusson,Vikings!,
  4. Byran Bevan,Henry VII: The First Tudor King,
  5. Neville Williams,Henry VII,
  6. John J. Robinson,Born in Blood,
  7. Peter Potter,Data Donation,
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