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Dermot exiled

Dermot was the King of Leinster in eastern Ireland and in 1166 had been defeated in battle by Tighernan O Ruairc another ruler in the region. Dermot was exiled and went to Normandy to the court of Henry II of England. Dermot asked for assistance in retaking his lands. Henry gave Dermot permission to find a willing army from either England or Wales and so Dermot approached Richard de Clare, the Earl of Pembroke and known as 'Strongbow', who agreed to help in return for several demands. These demands included Dermot's daughter's hand in marriage and to rule Leinster after Dermot's death. Dermot agreed to the conditions.

Dermot also recruited a number of knights from south Wales included the sons and grandsons of Nesta, the daughter of Rhys ap Tewdwr one of the kings of Wales. These heavily armoured knights arrived in Ireland in May of 1169 and were far superior to the poorly protected Irish warriors. Dermot was reinstated as King of Leinster.

Dermot's ambitions

Dermot was not happy to be just King of Leinster, he wanted to be High King of Ireland but he had to wait for the manpower that Stongbow had promised him. In 1170 a small force led by Raymond de Gros landed at Waterford on the East coast of Ireland. They constructed a base and waited for the Earl of Pembroke to arrive.

Richard de Clare, the Earl of Pembroke, landed in Ireland in the summer of 1170. His army captured Waterford and Dublin, and the Earl made Dublin his base for the winter months.

Invasion planned

Dermot died in the spring of 1171 and Strongbow took control of Leinster. Henry II was concerned that the Earl could build himself a base in Ireland strong enough to create an independent state outside the control of the English King. Preparations were made and an army assembled to invade Ireland to deal with the Earl. But the invasion was not necessary as Strongbow left Ireland and travelled to England to meet the King. Strongbow agreed to that Henry controlled Dublin in return for his continued control of Leinster.

Henry adds Ireland to his domains

Henry II landed in Ireland in October or 1171 and received the homage of the Irish leaders. Traders were invited to Dublin where a colony of English was set up. Henry stayed in Ireland over the winter months returning to England in the spring of 1172.

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Related Information
Henry II
Reign FromDecember 19, 1154
CoronationDecember 19, 1154
Reign ToJuly 6, 1189
SucceededStephen
PrecededRichard I
Royal HouseNorman
 
Episodes
  Stephen's succession to the throne
  The Civil War between Stephen and Matilda
  The Conquest of Ireland
  Henry II and Thomas Becket
  Excommunication of King John

Timeline

1166Dermot exiled from Ireland
  Dermot, the King of Leinster in eastern Ireland, was defeated in battle by Tighernan O Ruairc, another ruler in the region. Dermot was exiled and went to Normandy and the court of Henry II of England to ask for assistance in retaking his lands. Henry gave Dermot permission to find a willing army from either England or Wales and so Dermot approached Richard de Clare, the Earl of Pembroke who agreed to help in return for several demands. These demands were Dermot's daughter's hand in marriage and to rule Leinster after Dermot died.
1167AugDermot returns to Ireland
  Dermot returned to Ireland but without an army. He was unable to retake Leinster and had to wait until the forces he had been promised arrived from Wales.
1169MayDermot retakes Leinster
  Some the men promised to assist Dermot in Ireland landed at Bannow with the sons of Nesta. The poorly protected Irish warriors were no match for the armoured knights and archers that arrived from Wales. By the end of the year Leinster fell and Dermot once again became the King. After his victory Dermot was not satisfied with just ruling Leinster but wanted to become High King of Ireland. To fulfil his ambitions he had to wait for the arrival of Strongbow, the Earl of Pembroke, for that to be a possibility.
1170MayRaymond de Gros lands in Ireland
  Raymond de Gros arrived in Ireland in support of Dermot a few months ahead of Strongbow. He landed at Waterford and constructed a fort in which he and his men prepared for the arrival of the Earl.
AugIreland attacked by Earl of Pembroke
  Richard de Clare, the Earl of Pembroke, invaded Ireland with 200 knights in armour and up to a 1,000 foot-soldiers capturing Waterford easily and then Dublin on behalf of Dermot, the King of Leinster.
WinterThe Earl at Dublin
  After letting the population of Dublin leave, the Earl of Pembroke and his men spent the Winter in the city.
1171SpringDeath of Dermot, King of Leinster
  The agreement between the Earl of Pembroke and Dermot, the King of Leinster, was that if the Earl helped the King retake Leinster the Earl would become the ruler of Leinster when Dermot died. When the king died in the spring of 1171 the agreement fell apart due to the lack of support from Dermot's tribesmen. The tribesmen elected a nephew of Dermot's as the new king instead.
JulHenry plans invasion of Ireland
  King Henry II had become concerned that Strongbow was building a strong base in Ireland, strong enough to become an independent state separate from England. Henry planned to take an army to Ireland to deal with Strongbow but Strongbow travelled to England and in September met Henry and promised his loyalty to the King.
Oct 17Henry lands at Waterford in Ireland
  Henry II travelled to Ireland to receive the homage of the Irish leaders. Traders were invited to Dublin where a colony of English was set up. Henry stayed in Ireland over the winter months returning to England in the spring of 1172.

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Event Participants

 Clare, Richard fitzGilbert de (Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke)
 HENRY (II, King of England 1154-1189)
 Murchadha, Diarmait mac (King of Leinster)



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