| Ruler | Country | Start of Reign | Age at 1130 |
| Henry I | England | 1100 | 62 | | 1130 | Fire at Rochester  | | 1130 Dec | Henry spends Christmas at Woodstock | | 1134 | Death of Robert Curthose | | 1135 Dec 1 | Henry I dies | | 1135 Dec 22 | Stephen succeeds Henry I |
| | Stephen | England | 1135 | 30 | | 1135 | Stephen at Hereford | | 1135 Dec 1 | Henry I dies | | 1135 Dec 22 | Stephen succeeds Henry I | | 1135 Dec 26 | Coronation of Stephen of Blois | | 1136 | King Stephen captures Bampton | | 1136 | Buckfast Abbey founded | | 1136 | Baldwin de Redvers flees to Carisbrooke | | 1136 Feb | Treaty of Durham | | 1136 Easter | Stephen and the Court at Oxford | | 1137 Apr | Stephen goes to Normandy | | 1138 | Ludlow castle siege | | 1138 | Dudley castle attacked by Stephen | | 1138 | Shrewsbury Castle captured by Stephen | | 1138 | Arundel Castle siege | | 1138 | Start of Civil War | | 1138 | Cressing Temple Site | | 1138 Qtr 2 | The Scots invade Northumberland | | 1139 | Leeds Castle siege | | 1139 | Corfe Castle siege | | 1139 | Wallingford Castle siege | | 1139 Jun | Roger, Bishop of Salisbury is arrested |
| | David I | Scotland | 1124 | ? | | 1136 Feb | Treaty of Durham | | 1138 | Calder Abbey attacked by the Scots | | 1138 Qtr 2 | The Scots invade Northumberland | | 1138 Aug 22 | Battle of 'the Standard' |
| | Louis VI | France | 1108 | ? | | 1137 | Louis VII becomes King of France |
| | Louis VII | France | 1137 | ? | | 1137 | Louis VII becomes King of France | | 1137 Apr | Stephen goes to Normandy |
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Civil War Stephen and Matilda
| 1136 | | King Stephen captures Bampton | | | | Bampton Castle in Devon captured by King Stephen. | | Feb | Treaty of Durham | | | | A peace treaty signed by King David of Scotland and King Stephen. The Scottish King had invaded northern England in January and had captured many of the major towns including Carlisle and Newcastle. In response, Stephen had raised a large army and marched north to Durham. King David agreed to talk rather than fight and an arrangement was agreed allowing the Scots to keep Carlisle in return for stopping their advance. David refused to do homage to the English King as his loyalties rested with Matilda, King Henry's daughter. King David's son did pay homage to Stephen and recieved the Earldom of Huntingdon in return. | | 1138 | | Ludlow castle siege | | | | Ludlow Castle was captured on behalf of Matilda in 1138 and King Stephen besieged the castle in an attempt to regain it. During the siege the King bravely saved Prince Henry of Scotland from being injured by a grappling hook thrown from the castle. | | | Dudley castle attacked by Stephen | | | | The Castle and lands around Dudley were attacked by King Stephen during the early part of his war against Matilda. | | | Shrewsbury Castle captured by Stephen | | | | Stephen captured the castle at Shrewsbury. Henry (II) would capture back the castle before the end of Stephen's reign. | | | Arundel Castle siege | | | | Matilda was given refuge by William de Albini at Arundel Castle. Stephen built siege works around the castle in response. | | | Start of Civil War | | | | Robert, the Earl of Gloucester and half brother to Matilda (daughter of Henry I) rebels against King Stephen, supporting Matilda's claim to the throne of England. | | May | Robert sides with Matilda | | | | Robert, the Earl of Gloucester announces that he will assist Matilda, his step-sister in her claim for the English throne. | | Aug 22 | Battle of 'the Standard' | | | | David I of Scotland was defeated at the battle of 'the Standard' in Yorkshire. The name for the battle came from the banners that were carried into battle by the English. | | 1139 | | Leeds Castle siege | | | | King Stephen besieged Leeds Castle which was being held against him by supporters of Matilda. The castle fell to the King and he took control of it. | | | Corfe Castle siege | | | | In 1139 Baldwin de Redvers took the castle for Matilda. King Stephen besieged the castle but was unable to take it back. | | Jun | Roger, Bishop of Salisbury is arrested | | | | King Stephen arrested Roger, the Bishop of Salisbury. Bishop Roger was a powerful landowner and had several castles. Stephen also arrested Alexander, the bishop of Lincoln and had him imprisoned. Stephen wanted to take control to bishop Roger's castles and the bishop was taken to his castle at Devizes where he was held captive outside the walls and starved until the castle surrendered. Roger's son was also captured and tortured until the castle finally fell to the King. Roger's castle at Sherborne was also captured by Stephen. The castles at Newark and Sleaford in Lincolnshire belonging to bishop Alexander were forced to surrender to the King using the same underhand tactics. | | | Wallingford Castle siege | | | | After Brian fitz Count the owner of the castle at Wallingford sided with Matilda, king Stephen built two siege castles to force him out. | | | Matilda arrives in England | | | | Matilda arrives in England to further her attempts to take the throne from king Stephen. |
Stephen's succession to the throne
| 1135 | Dec 1 | Henry I dies | | | | Death of Henry I. | | Dec 22 | Stephen succeeds Henry I | | | | Stephen becomes king of England. (Builds a chapel at Westminster, now the House of Commons. Finished under the direction of Gilbert De Clare, Marquis of Pembrokeshire) | | Dec 26 | Coronation of Stephen of Blois | | | | Stephen of Blois was crowned King Stephen of England at Westminster Abbey. |
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| People who played important roles in this time period |
Fulk (V, of Anjou)
Fulk V of Anjou was the grandfather of Henry II from his first marriage to Ermentrude. In 1128 a delegation from Baldwin II, the King of Jerusalem, arrived in France looking for a suitable nobleman to marry his daughter Melisende and become heir to the kingdom of Jerusalem. Baldwin had no sons and s (more...)
Baldwin (II, King of Jerusalem)
King of Jerusalem.
Melisende (of Jerusalem)
Melisende was the daughter of Baldwin II, King of Jerusalem. Baldwin had no sons to succeeed him as king so he decided to find a French nobleman to marry Melisende his eldest daughter and take the thone. It was decided that Fulk V, count of Anjou should marry Melisende and he gave up his title in An (more...)
Ranulf (Earl of Chester 1129-53)
Information to follow.
HENRY (II, King of England 1154-1189)
Duke of NormandyHenry was born on the 5th of March 1133 at Le Mans. He was the son of Matilda (daughter of Henry I), and of Geoffrey Plantagenet, the Count of Anjou. Geoffrey was given the nickname 'Plantagenet' due to his habit of wearing a sprig of broom in his hat. The broom plant bein (more...)
Robert (II, Duke of Normandy 1087-1106)
First son of William the Conqueror.
Payens, Hugh de
Hugh de Payens, a knight from Burgundy, is regarded as the founding member of the Knights Templar. He and his fellow knights were granted dwellings in Jerusalem near the Dome of the Rock which was believed to be the site of the Temple of Solomon.
Henry (Earl of Huntingdon)
Son of David I of Scotland and father of Malcolm IV and William 'the Lyon' of Scotland.
Eustace (IV, Count of Boulogne)
Eustace was the son of Stephen of Blois, King of England. King Stephen tried to ensure Eustace would become king after his death but the throne of England went to Henry II instead.
Geoffrey (Plantagenet, 'The Fair', Count of Anjou)
Geoffrey was the son of Fulk V, Count of Anjou and was the founder of the Plantagenet dynasty of rulers. Geoffrey was given the nickname 'Plantagenet' due to his habit of wearing a sprig of broom in his hat. The broom plant being called planta genista in France. In 1128 the fifteen year old Geoffrey (more...)
Matilda (Daughter of Henry I)
Arranged Marriages Matlida was the daughter of Henry I, King of England and was to become the mother of Henry II, King of England. Matilda is also known by the name Maud. At the age of eight Matilda was married to Emperor Henry V of Germany, but he died in 1125 and Matilda was brought back (more...)
Theobald (of Bec, Archbishop of Canterbury)
Elected Archbishop of Canterbury in 1138. Theobald sided against King Stephen who had himself planned to become Archbishop. In 1152 Theobald refused to crown Stephen's son Eustace and in 1154 crowned Henry II and Eleanor at Westminster.
Robert (Earl of Gloucester)
The Illegitimate son of Henry I, King of England. Robert was the chief supporter of his step-sister Matilda's claim to the English throne during the civil war with King Stephen.
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| Battles that took place in this time period |
1136 - Battle of Crug Mawr
The Normans were defeated in battle at Crug Mawr, south west Wales, by a Welsh army. Cilgerran Castle then fell to the Welsh.
1138 Aug 22 - Battle of 'the Standard'
David I of Scotland was defeated at the battle of 'the Standard' in Yorkshire. The name for the battle came from the banners that were carried into battle by the English.
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| Building work undertaken in this time period |
Durham Cathedral 1133 - 1140
The Chapter house at Durham Cathedral was begun in 1133 and took until 1140.
Scarborough Castle 1136
William le Gros built a castle on the headland at Scarborough.
York Minster 1137
York Minster was partially damaged by fire in this year. The near-by church of St. Mary's and some other 37 churches were also damaged. (Need to find out what was happening here.)
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